bio 8 Flashcards
define an organelle
any structure in a cell that has a specific job
4 major cell organelles:
nucleus
central vacuole
mitochondrion
chloroplast
what does the nucleus do
controls all cell activites through DNA messages
what is the mitochondrion site for?
cellular respiration
what is chloroplast the site for?
photosynthesis
chloroplast and mitochonria are the two organells involved in:
energy processing
what does the chloroplast do?
uses energy from the sun to turn carbon dioxide and water into glucose through process of photosynthesis
what does the mitochondria do?
turn food energy into chemical energy through a process of cellular respiration
what are ribosomes involved in?
protein synthesis
what endoplasmic reticulum (rough or smooth) has ribosomes attached to it?
rough
the endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the ___ ___
nucleur envelope
three functions of the smooth ER
synthesizes lipids
detoxifies poisons and drugs
stores calcium
2 functions of rough er
membrane factory for the cell
sythesizes proteins from ribosomes embedded within it
three functions of the Golgi apparatus
recieves many of the transport vesicles produced in er
modifies products of er and ships products to other locations
manufactures certain macromolecules
what do lysosomes contain?
chemicals and enzymes that digest food material that enter the cell
2 functions of lysosomes
digest old organelles
recycle chemical parts
centrioles are important for?
cell division
what kind of material is cytoplasm?
gel like
what does cytoplasm contain?
organelles that perfrom different functions within the cell
what does the cell membrane control?
what goes in and out of the cell
what three thinfs is the cytoskeleton a system of?
microtubules
microfilaments
intermediate filaments
the cytoskeleton may extend through the plasma membrane to from __ and ___
cilia and flagella
animal cells lack cell walls but are covered by ___ ___
extracellular matrix
what 2 things is the extracelullar matrix made of?
proteins and carbs
