Bio 30 Unit 4b Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Thyroid gland
Function: Stimulates the release of thyroxine from the thyroid

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2
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Adrenal cortex
Function: Stimulates release of hormones involved in stress responses

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3
Q

Somatotropin (STH)

A

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Most cells
Function: Promotes growth.

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4
Q

Growth hormone (GH)

A

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Most cells
Function: Promotes growth.

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5
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Ovaries, testes
Function: Females - stimulates follicle (egg) development in ovaries. Males - promotes the development of sperm cells.

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6
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Ovaries, testes
Function: Females - stimulates ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum.
Males - stimulates the production of testosterone.

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7
Q

Prolactin (PRL)

A

From: Anterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Mammary glands
Function: Stimulates and maintains milk production in females

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8
Q

Oxytocin

A

From: Posterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: Uterus, mammary glands
Function: Initiates strong contractions. Trigger milk production.

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9
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A

From: Posterior Pituitary Lobe
Target: kidneys
Function: Increases water reabsorption by kidneys

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10
Q

Thyroxine (T4)

A

From: Thyroid
Target:
Function: Regulates cell metabolism

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11
Q

Triiodothyronine (T3)

A

From: Thyroid
Target:
Function: Regulates cell metabolism

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12
Q

Insulin

A

From: Pancreas
Target:
Function: Brings blood sugar down. Converts glucose into glycogen to be stored in fat cells (liver).

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13
Q

Glucagon

A

From: Pancreas
Target:
Function: Prevents blood sugar from dropping too low. Converts glycogen into glucose.

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14
Q

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

A

From: Adrenal Medulla
Target:
Function: Released during short-term stress. Glycogen → glucose, up blood glucose. upblood pressure, up breathing rate, up and metabolic rate. up alertness, down digestion.

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15
Q

Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

A

From: Adrenal Medulla
Target:
Function: Released during short-term stress. Glycogen → glucose, up blood glucose. up blood pressure, up breathing rate, up and metabolic rate.up alertness, down digestion.

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16
Q

Mineralocorticoids

A

Aldosterone
From: Adrenal cortex
Target:
Function: Long term stress response. Retention of sodium ions and water by kidneys
up blood volume, up blood pressure

17
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Cortisol.
From: Adrenal cortex
Target:
Function: Long term stress response. Proteins + fats → broken down into glucose; up blood glucose. Suppressed immune system.

18
Q

Dopamine

A

From: Hypothalamus
Target:
Function: Inhibits secretion of prolactin

19
Q

Somatostatin

A

From: Hypothalamus
Target:
Function: Inhibits secretion of somatropin

20
Q

Thyroid releasing factor (TRF)

A

From: Hypothalamus
Target: pituitary gland
Function: Stimulates the anterior pituitary to release TSH

21
Q

Calcitonin

A

From: Thyroid
Target: Bones/kidneys
Function: Reduced [Ca2+] in blood. Decreases uptake of Ca2+in kidneys.

22
Q

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

From: Parathyroid
Target: Bones/kidneys
Function: Increases [Ca2+] in blood. Increases uptake of Ca2+in kidneys.