BIO 22 Flashcards
What is the evolution that consists of adaptations that evolve within a population, confined to one gene pool?
Microevolution
What is the evolution that refers to evolutionary change above the species level?
Macroevolution
What states that a species is a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring; they do not breed successfully with other populations?
The biological species concept
What is the existence of biological factors that impede two species from producing viable, fertile offspring?
Reproductive isolation
What are hybrids?
The offspring of crosses between different species
Is reproductive isolation classified by factors of after or before fertilization?
Both
What is a barrier that blocks fertilization from occuring?
Prezygotic barrier
What are the 6 isolations caused by prezygotic barriers?
Geographic Ecological Behavioral Temporal Gamete fusion
Give an example of ecological isolation
Lion and tiger
What kind of prezygotic barrier are pheromones?
Behavioral isolation
What kind of prezygotic barrier is constituted by the fact that species breed at different times of the day, different seasons, or different years?
Temporal isolation
What happens when the genes of the different parent species interact and impair the hybrid’s development?
Reduced hybrid viability
Give an example of reduced hybrid fertility
Mule (sterile hybrid of a donkey and a horse)
How do you call the phonomenon where some first generation are fertile, but when they mate with an other species or either parent species, the offspring of next generation are feeble or sterile?
Hybrid breakdown
Give some limitations of the biological species concept
No way to evaluate the reproductive isolation of fossils
Does not apply to asexual species
Does not account for gene flow
