BIO 2|SECOND SUMMATIVE Flashcards
in biology is concerned with the
classification systems and
nomenclature of organisms.
It is a branch of biological
science that studies the
distinctive characteristics of
species and how they are
related to other species
through time.
Systematics
is a branch of science that deals with the naming and classification of organisms.
Taxonomy
is a representation of relationships and, therefore, of how organisms evolved from a
common ancestor. _________shows the tree of life as a product of evolution and the degrees of
relationship by descent from
a common ancestor.
Phylogeny
is based on phylogeny
Taxonomy
is a diagram that represents
evolutionary relationships
among organisms.
are hypotheses, not definitive facts.
The pattern of branching in a
_________________ reflects how
species or other groups evolved
from a series of common
ancestors.
A phylogenetic tree
in biology refers to the establishment of a hierarchical system of categories on the basis of presumed natural relationships among organisms.
CLASSIFICATION
The science of biological classification is commonly called
taxonomy
is derived from the Greek taxis (“arrangement”)
and nomos (“law”).
TAXONOMY
is a branch of science that deals
with the naming and classification of organisms in a universally
accepted name.
Taxonomy
was Aristotle’s way of classifying organisms. The basis of Aristotle’s
classification was the presumed complexity of organisms. On that basis, Aristotle placed plants near the bottom of the classification
and humans near the top.
The Great Chain of Being
The Great Chain of Being
ARISTOTLE 384-322 BC
He wrote two books, Enquiry into Plants and On the Causes of Plants, which constitute the first
systematization of the botanical world and were major sources for botanical knowledge from antiquity to the Middle Ages. His
contributions to the field of plant biology earned him the distinction of being called, “Father of Botany.”
Theophrastus 371-287 BC
“Father of Botany.”
Theophrastus 371-287 BC
He published a two-volume work titled Species Plantarum and
Systema naturae, which was later
become at the time the most
important work on plant
nomenclature and classification.
He was the first to classify living things using structural similarities as basis.
There are two important features in his work- the classification of living
things by levels and the binomial
nomenclature.
Carl Linnaeus
is a Swedish botanist often called the Father of Taxonomy.
Carl Linnaeus, also known as Carl Von Linné or Carolus Linnaeu 1707-1778
