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Bio 111 > Bio 111 Lab Practical 2 > Flashcards

Bio 111 Lab Practical 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Fetal Pig Inner Anatomy

A

-Trachea (larger tube, above heart)
-Esophagus (thinner tube, to right of trachea)
-Heart (obvious)
-Lungs (on either side of the heart)
-Diaphragm (layer of muscle beneath heart and lungs)
-Liver (large, dark colored three lobed organ beneath diaphragm)
-Gall bladder (small round organ under the left lobe of the liver)
-Stomach (to the right of the liver)
-Spleen (thin organ beneath the stomach)
-Large intestine (thicker, shorter intestine)
-Small intestine (longer, thinner intestine beneath large intestine)
-Urinary bladder (last organ, sac-like)

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2
Q

Fetal Pig Oral Anatomy

A

-Incisor (tooth at top of hard palate)
-Canine (beneath incisor)
-Hard Palate (ridged palate closest to snout)
-Soft Palate (beneath hard palate)
-Nasopharynx (opening at bottom of soft palate)
-Epiglottis (flap of skin that covers nasopharynx)

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3
Q

Alternation of Generations

A

-Plant life cycle includes haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte

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4
Q

Gametophyte

A

-produces gametes (eggs/sperm) by mitosis
-haploid (n)

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5
Q

Sporophyte

A

-produces spores by mitosis
-diploid (2n)

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6
Q

Plant life cycle

A

Gametophyte (haploid)->Gametes->Fertilization->Sporophyte(diploid)->Meiosis->Spores(haploid)->Germination->Gametophyte

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7
Q

Bryophytes

A

-mosses
-non-vascular
-gametophyte dominant
-tall budding stems are sporophytes
-base, stereotypical moss is gametophyte

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8
Q

Thallus

A

-flat, leaf like gametophyte of liverwort

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9
Q

Moss Antheridia

A

-‘male’ part of moss
-produces sperm
-thicker, filled in ovals among finger-like parts

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10
Q

Moss Archegonia

A

-‘female’ part of moss
-produces egg
-tall, filled in spindles with clear space for egg in middle

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11
Q

Parts of Moss Antheridia

A

-sterile jacket (outer casing of filled in oval)
-sperm (the dark specks filling in the oval)

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12
Q

Parts of Moss Archegonium

A

-neck (thinner top portion)
-ventor (space for egg in center)
-egg (speck in middle of space)
-stalk (bottom portion)

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13
Q

Moss Capsule

A

-contains haploid spores
-‘bud’ at top of tall stalks of moss plant

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14
Q

Moss Protonemata

A

-young gametophyte formed from spores
-look like sperm in image

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15
Q

Full Moss Anatomy Image

A

-Gametophyte (bottom part of moss, looks spiny, root structure)
-Sporophyte (top, stalk parts of moss plant)
-Foot (where tall stalks rise out of base moss)
-Seta (stalk part of top moss plant)
-Capsule (‘bud’ at top of tall stalk parts of moss plant)
-Operculum (top ‘cap’ of capsule)
-Caplyptra (point at top of capsule bud)

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16
Q

Ferns

A

-vascular plant
-no seeds
-diploid (2n) sporophyte dominant

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17
Q

Sori

A

-dots on underside of fern leaf
-produce spores
-looks like sideways balloon with circles (spores) in it in microscope image

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18
Q

Megaphylls

A

-leaf of fern/underside of leaf of fern

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19
Q

Fern Gametophyte

A

-‘heart’ shaped, dyed blue in most images
-contain both antheridia (male, at bottom of ‘heart’, shown as small dots in microscope image) and archegonia (female, in top ‘crease’ of ‘heart’, shown as larger, thicker dots in microscope image)
-Rhizoids (root like structures at bottom of ‘heart)

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20
Q

Fern Gametophyte with Sporophyte Image

A

-gametophyte (dyed blue, heart shaped)
-sporophyte (green ‘wormie’ growing out of ‘heart’)
-base of ‘wormie’ is archegonia where sporophyte zygote formed

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21
Q

Gymnosperms

A

-pine tree as example
-vascular
-has seeds (pine cones)

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22
Q

Staminate

A

-‘male’ pine cone
-contains pollen/sperm
-little tiny corn cobs
-‘smoother’ sides in microscope images, ‘horns’ of cone curve upward
-spaces between each ‘horn’ filled with dots (pollen)

23
Q

Ovulate

A

-‘female’ pine cone
-contain egg
-looks line a stereotypical pine cone
-‘spinier’ sides in microscope images, ‘horns’ of cone point outward
-each space between each horn contains large oval egg

24
Q

Angiosperm

A

-flowering plants
-vascular
-have seeds

25
Q

Stamen

A

-‘male’ part of flower
-made up of anther (‘fuzzy’ top part, contains microspores/pollen) and filament (‘stem’, bottom part, holds anther to flower)
-microscopic anther image provided looks like moth, a void in each ‘wing’ holds microspores, which look like dots

26
Q

Microspore

A

-forms pollen
-each pollen grain contains tweo sperm cells

27
Q

Carpel

A

-pistil
-‘female’ part of flower
-only one, surrounded by stamen
-stigma; top of carpel, kind of looks like dark colored, partially popped popcorn
-style; ‘stem’ of carpel, where the pollen tube is created to allow pollen to reach egg
-ovary; hidden behind style/filaments

28
Q

Flower Ovary

A

-contains megasporocyte (egg)
-microscopic image looks like weird blue Rorschach test
-thick outer part is ovary wall
-six curled ‘arms’ in inner part are ovules

29
Q

Flower egg stages

A

-four cell stage (has four cells inside
-eight cell stage (has 8 cells, one at top, one directly beneath, three large white ones in center, three in cluster at bottom)

30
Q

Flower Embryo

A

-7 cells, 8 nuclei
-three antipodal cells in cluster at top
-one large endosperm cell with two nuclei in center
-egg directly beneath endosperm
-two synergid cells at bottom

31
Q

Kingdom Protista

A

-three main groups
-Photosynthetic Autotrophs (plant like)
-Protozoa (animal like)
-Fungus-Like

32
Q

Photosynthetic Autotrophs

A

-plant like
-algae like

33
Q

Protozoa

A

-animal like
-motile

34
Q

Fungus Like

A

-decomposers
-form spores and filaments

35
Q

Phylum Euglenophyta

A

-include euglena
-contain chloroplasts
-contain flagella
-so photosynthesis
-look like misshapen green ovals

36
Q

Phylum Ciliophora

A

-includes paramecium
-contain cilia
-contain food vacuoles to engulf organisms
-look like semi-transparent, misshapen ovals with hair on the outside (cilia)

37
Q

Ameoboids

A

-include amoeba
-contain pseudopods (false feet)
-look like an amoeba

38
Q

Phylum Bacillariophyta

A

-includes diatoms
-cell walls made of silica or glass
-make up diatomaceous earth
-used to make computer chips
-geometric shapes
-image examples look like psychedelic computer generated shapes, or colorful sand dollars

39
Q

Phylum Pyrrophyta

A

-includes dinoflagellates
-causes red tide
-produce neurotoxin that is toxic to fish
-example images look like a green, circular plant cell, or a blue circular cell

40
Q

Phylum Phaeophyta

A

-include brown algae/fucus
-contain pigment fucoxanthin
-giant kelp
-contain cell wall made of algin
-algin thickening agent in ice cream
-images look like little brown kelps

41
Q

Phylum Rhodophyta

A

-includes red algae
-contain pigment phycobilin (causes red color)
-cell walls made of agar
-agar used in agar plates to culture bacteria
-used to make nori (sushi wrap)
-images look like red/pink seaweed/kelp

42
Q

Phylum Chlorophyta

A

-includes volvox, oedogonium, spirogyra, ulva
-includes green algae (ancestor of land plants)
-ulva is sea lettuce

43
Q

Volvox

A

-live in colonies
-image looks like clear circle with various sized green dots/circles inside

44
Q

Oedogonium

A

-images look like segmented insect legs filled with green cells
-one image is dyed blue

45
Q

Spirogyra

A

-images look like transparent tubes with green spirals going through them

46
Q

Ulva

A

-sea lettuce
-green algae
-image looks like green algae

47
Q

Bacteria

A

-prokaryotic cells
-lack nucleus
-unicellular
-microscopic
-dna strands free floating in center (look like nasty spaghetti)
-grown on nutrient agar plates

48
Q

Cocci

A

-spherical bacteria
can grow in a diplococcus set
-can grow in a streptococcus chain
-can grow in a staphylococcus cluster

49
Q

Bacilli

A

-rod shaped bacteria (oval-ish, like a pill)
-can grow in a bacili chain

50
Q

Spirillum

A

-spiral shaped bacteria
-image example is short, loose spirals

51
Q

Spirochaete

A

-corkscrew shaped bacteria
-image example is longer, tighter spirals

52
Q

Vibrio

A

-‘comma’ shaped bacteria
-example image is brown

53
Q

Gram Stain

A

-Gram negative bacteria are stained red/pink
-Gram positive bacteria are stained purple

54
Q

Antibacterial Test

A

-used to test effectiveness of antibacterial solutions
-most effective antibiotic has largest zone of inhibition
-zone of inhibition is area around disk where bacteria is killed
-image has disk covered in brown bacteria
-little blue disk represents disk soaked in antibacterial substance
-zone of inhibition is white circle around disk

Bio 111 (6 decks)

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