Billary tract disease Flashcards
What is biliary colic?
This is where gallstones get lodged in the bile duct. which causes severe temporary abdominal pain.
Food like fatty acids cause enzymes called cholecystokinin to squeeze which allows bile fluid to go to duodenum and breaks down fats and lipids.
risk factors for gallstones form in bile duct?
Female sex
Obesity
Pregnancy
Age
Symptoms of gallstones getting stuck in bile duct?
Cockliy pain
Dull pain that radiates to shoulders
Nausea
Vomiting
Sweating
Fever
Diagnosis of biliary colic?
Based on reccurent symptoms
Confirmed by ultrasound
Treatment of biliary colic?
Manage pain + symptoms
Surgery ( Cholecystectomy)
What is acute cholecystitis?
Where gallstones get stuck in cystic duct and cause inflammation of gallbladder walls.
What is chronic cholecystitis?
This is where it keep happening causing epithelial cells in gallbladder walls to die + then fibrosis + calcification of the walls happen this is called porcelain gallbladder.
Treatment: Removal of gall bladder
Also rokitansky aschoff sinus forms in the mucosa.
What is ascending cholengitis?
This is where there is a bacterial infection of the common bile duct caused by gallstones lodged in bile duct, causing bacteria to infect the duct.
Symptoms of ascending cholengitis?
J: Jaundice
F: Fever
R: Right upper quadrant pain
Diagnosis of ascending cholengitis?
Contrast enhanced CT
Treatment of ascending cholengitis?
Remove gallstones.
What test is done for cholangitis?
Postive murphys test
What is primary billary cholangitis?
This is autoimmune disease where the T-cells attack cells that line bile duct in liver. They destroy them and cause bile to leak into blood. This can cause inflammation.
What are presentations of primary billary cholangitis?
Fatigue
pruritus
GI disturbance
Jaundice
Pale stools
Xanthoma
Signs of cirrhosis
Diagnosis of primary billary cholangitis?
Liver function test:
- Alkaline phosphates liver enzymes checked for.
Auto antibodies:
- Anti mitrochondrial antibodies
- Anti nuclear antibodies
Other blood tests:
- ESR raised
- LGM raised
- ALP raised
- GGT raised
liver biopsy
