Acute + chronic pancreatitis

Question 1

Definition of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 1

Its when acinar cells in pancreas become damaged or if pancreatic ducts are blocked. Zymogens will be activated to digesive enzymes.

These digestive enzymes digest the pancreas

Question 2

Definition of Chronic pancreatis?

Answer 2

Happens when irreversable changes to the pancreatic structure has been made like, atrophy, fibrosis, calcification. This leads to pancreatic insufficency which makes it difficult to digest food as well as killing alpha + Beta cells which make glucagon + insulin.

Question 3

Causes of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 3

I: Idiopathic
G: Gallstones
E: Ethanol (alcohol)
T: Trauma
S: Steroids
M: Mump virus
A: Autoimmune disease
S: Scorpion sting
H: Hypercalcemia
E: ERCP
D: Drugs

Question 4

Symptoms of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 4

Nausea + vomiting
Hypocalcemia
Brusing around belly button
Bruising along the flank

Question 5

Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 5

Pain in epigastric region which radiates to back

Increase in serum amylase + lipase

CT scan can show inflammation, necrosis

Ultrasound scan can show gallstones

Question 6

Treatment of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 6

Pain management
Rest the bowels ( given IV fluids)
Treat complications

Question 7

Causes of chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 7

Alcohol induced
Trauma induced
Tumours
Cystic fibrosis ( mainly in children)
Repeated acute pancreatitis

Question 8

symptoms of chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 8

Weight loss
Defficent in vitamin A,D,E and K
Steatorrhea ( smelly shits)
Long term consequence is diabetes mellitus

Question 9

Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 9

Pain in epigastric region

elevated lipase + amylase

X-ray + CT scan calcification

Endoscopic retrograde cholengiopancreatography of ducts (ERCP)

Question 10

Treatment of chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 10

Control pain

Control risk factors
- Less alcohol
- Meat
- Obesity

replace digestive enzymes