Benign Tumors and FIbrocystic Changes Flashcards
what is the most common change in the premenopausal breast
fibrocystic change (results from the fluctuation of hormones
what is fibrocystic change?
the development of fibrosis and cysts in the breast
how does fibrocystic change present
what irregularity of the breast (lumpy) usually in the upper outer quadrants
cysts in fibrocystic change have a ___ appearance on gross exam
blue dome appearance
is fibrocystic change benign?
yes, but there are some related changes that can lead to an increased risk of invasive carcinoma in BOTH breasts
fibrocystic change: fibrosis, cysts, and apocrine metaplasia risk of cancer?
none
what is apocrine metaplasia?
increased cytoplasm (pink), larger cysts- no risk of invasive carcinoma
fibrocystic change: ductal hyperplasia and sclerosing adenosis risk of cancer?
2x risk
sclerosing adenosis: increase in gland number, scarring, Ca+ deposition
ductal hyperplasia: duct cells increase
fibrocystic change: atypical hyperplasia risk of cancer?
5x risk
hyperplasia in the duct and or lobule
what is an intraductal papilloma?
this is a papillary growth (finger like projection) that protrudes into a large duct and is lined by both myoepithelial cells and luminal epithelial cells with a vascular corse
intraductal papilloma classically presents as _________
bloody nipple discharge
intraductal papilloma is seen in what age group
premenopausal women
intraductal papilloma must be distinguished from papillary carcinoma, what is the difference
papillary carcinoma also has blood nipple discharge BUT it only has epithelial cells lining it and is seen in older women typically post menopausal
what is the most common tumor is premenopausal women of the breast
fibroadenoma
how would you describe a fibroadenoma
well circumscribed, marble like, mobile mass
what is a fibroadenoma?
tumor of fibrous tissue and glands that is benign
- sensitive to estrogen so it can grow/be painful in pregnancy or during cycle
- can shrink during menopause
is there an increased risk of cancer in a fibroadenoma
nooooo
what is a phyllodes tumor
this is basically a fibroadenoma with an overgrowth of fibrous tissue which gives it a leaf like appearance on histology
phyllodes tumors are seen in what population?
postmenopausal women
does a phyllodes tumor have a risk of cancer?
yes, can be malignant in some cases
