Benign Prostate Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer* Flashcards
What is BPH
Non malignant prostate hyperplasia which is typical of ageing
What are the RF for BPH
Age
African
Afro-Car because they have more testosterone
What is a protective factor in BPH
Castration
What is the pathology of BPH
Inner transitional prostate proliferates narrowing the urethra
-Median lobe
How is BPH different to Prostate cancer in terms of proliferation
BPH = Inner transitional zone (MEDIAN LOBE)
Cancer = Outer peripheral zone (Posterior lobe)
Prostate cancer = Outer zone
What are the most common symptoms of BPH
SHID Voiding LUTs symptoms
- Stream poor
- Hesitancy
- Incomplete empty
- Dribbling
ANURIA IF TOTAL URETHRAL OCCLUSION
What are the presentations of BPH
LUTs symptoms (FUNI storage and SHID voiding)
When can anuria present in BPH
Total urethral occlusion causing retention, hydronephrisis, UTI and stones
How is BPH investigated
DRE = Smooth enlarged prostate PSA = sometimes raised
How do the investigations of BPH differ from findnings in Prostate cancer
DRE = Hard Craggy prostate in cancer PSA = More raised in cancer
How can BPH be managed
LIfestyle (decrease caffeine and use catheter)
Drugs 1st = Tamsulosin alpha blocker
2nd = Finasteride 5 alpha reductase
Surgery = TURP (resection)
How does tamsulosin help BPH
Relieves the bladder neck
-Helps Voiding LUTs
How does Finasteride help BPH
Decreases prostate size by decreasing testosterone
What is the major complication of TURP resection in BPH
Retrograde ejaculation
What is prostate cancer
Malignant Neoplastic Adenocarcinoma of outer prostate
