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Pharmacology > Behavioral Science > Flashcards

Behavioral Science Flashcards

0
Q

What is contraindicated in patients that are on MAO-I’s?

A

Tyramine- abundantly found in things like wine and blue cheese. The vignette will usually describe a person that has an uncontrolled diet and thus is contraindicated. Phentolamine given when the person is on the MAO-I, and eats things with tyramine.

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1
Q

Name the drug that is a MAOi-B and what is it used for?

A

Selegeline - used in patients that have Parkinson’s Disease.

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2
Q

What is the MOA of Tricyclic Anti-Depressants (5 things)?

A 
Blocks catecholamine re-uptake
Blocks alpha-1 receptors
Interferes with AV Nodal Conduction
Strongly anticholinergic
Anti-histamine
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3
Q

Which Tricyclic AD is associated with first line treatment of chronic pain?

A

Amitriptyline

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4
Q

Which Tricyclic AD is used for second line bed wetting? That is first line treatment?

A

First line treatment: behavior modification.

Second line: Imipramine

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5
Q

Which TCA has the least amount of effects on blood pressure?

A

Nortriptyline - good for use in elderly patients

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6
Q

Which TCA has the least amount of side effects over all?

A

Desipramine - good for use in elderly patients

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7
Q

Name the TCA that is associated with second line treatment of OCD:

A

Clomipramine

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8
Q

Name the three main side effects of TCAs (3):

A

Coma
Cardiotoxicity
Convulsions

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9
Q

Stimulants- name their MOA and their clinical use (3):

A 
MOA- blocks catecholamine re-uptake.
Clinical use: 
ADHD
Narcolepsy 
Appetite suppression
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10
Q

Name the 3 therapeutic stimulants, and their side effects (3):

A

Methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, Methamphetamine.

SE: hypertension, tachycardia, and anorexia

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11
Q

What is the MOA if SSRI’s?

A

They increase the extracellular levels of neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) by inhibiting its reuptake into the presynaptic cell, thus increasing the amount of serotonin in the synaptic cleft available to bind to the postsynaptic receptor.

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12
Q

This SSRI is most commonly used for the treatment of PTSD:

A

Sertraline- Sir-yes-ser!

Zoloft!

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13
Q

This SSRI is commonly used to treat depression, social phobia, and premature ejaculation.

A

Paroxitine

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14
Q

This SSRI is most commonly used to help restore memory in patients that have suffered a stroke:

A

Escitalopram

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15
Q

What are some of the side effects associated with the use of SSRIs (2:5)?

A 
Anorgasmia
Serotonin syndrome:
Hyperthermia 
Confusion
Diarrhea 
Seizures
Cardiovascular collapse
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16
Q

What is the MOA of SNRIs? What is their major use?

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor- inhibit reuptake of both 5-HT and NE.

Are a class of antidepressants used to treat major depression and other mood disorders (ADHD, OCD, fibromyalgia syndrome, and chronic neurotic pain).

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17
Q

Name the two SNRI medications, and which one have more of an effects on NE?

A

Venlafaxine-depression

Duloxetine- depression + increased NE effect.

18
Q

What medication blocks the reuptake of NE? What are its side effects (3)?

A

Maprotiline- Orthostatic hypOtension and sedation.

19
Q

What medication is most commonly used for smoking cessation, and what is its MOA with SEs:

A

Bupropion: MOA - increases NE and Dopamine levels.

SE: pro-convolucent - Lowers seizure threshold.

20
Q

What medication in the azapirone class of meds is most commonly used to treat generalized anxiety disorder?

A

Buspirone

21
Q

What is the MOA of benzodiazepines?

A

They increase the frequency of Chloride channels in the brain.

22
Q

What is the shortest acting benzodiazepine?

A

Alprazolam

23
Q

What is the longest acting benzodiazepine?

A

Flourazepam

24
Q

Which benzodiazepine is used as second line for absence seizures?

A

Clonazepam

25
Q

These benzodiazepines are used as sleep meds- one puts you to sleep, one maintains sleep, and another gives a particular side effect. Which are they?

A

Triazolam - puts you to sleep

Tamazepam - maintains sleep

Trazodone- helps increase REM but gives priapism.

26
Q

What drug is known to give 45 minute retrograde amnesia otherwise known as the date rape drug?

A

Midazolam

27
Q

Name the two Phenothiazines that have a low potency. What SE are associated with each of them?

A

Chlorpromazine- decreases BP by blocking Alpha 1

Thioridazine- can cause iris pigmentation.

28
Q

This medication is a high potency Phenothiazine that is used as an anti-emetic in adults. What is this medication?

A

Perchlorperazine

29
Q

This medication is a high potency Phenothiazine that is used as an anti-emetic in children.

A

Promethazine

30
Q

This medication is a high potency Phenothiazine that is used in a depot form for use as an antipsychotic. What is it?

A

Fluphenazine

31
Q

What are the side effects of Phenothiazines?

A

Extrapyramidal System-pseudoparkinsonism, dystonia, dyskinesia, opisthotonos, and hyperreflexia.

32
Q

Name a high potency Butrephenon (antipsychotic): it usually knocks out people very fast.

A

Haloperidol

33
Q

Antipsychotics: Butrephenons- atypicals: this medication is used a gold standard. Side effects include agranulocytosis, neutropenia, seizures.

A

Clozapine

34
Q

Antipsychotics: Butrephenons- atypicals: this medication is associated with weight gain.

A

Olanzapine

35
Q

Antipsychotics: Butrephenons- atypicals: this medication is associated with side effects like having an increase in prolactin.

A

Respiradone

36
Q

Antipsychotics: Butrephenons- atypicals: this medication’s known side effect is the presence of cataracts.

A

Quetiapine

37
Q

Antipsychotics: Butrephenons- atypicals: this medication’s side effects include: possible prolonged QT.

A

Ziprasidone

38
Q

Antipsychotics: Butrephenons- atypicals: this medication is also known as Abilify, and is used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Major depression, and tic disorders.

A

Aripiprazole

39
Q

What is the MOA of MAO-Is?

A

Block mono-amine oxidase. They increase serotonin, NE, and Dopamine.

40
Q

Name the three MAOi-A medications:

A

Tranylcypromine,
Isocarboxacid,
and Phenelzine.

41
Q

Name the MAOi-B medication:

A

Selegeline

42
Q

Mood Stabilizers: this medication first blocks Na+ then blocks Ca2+. What are the associated fetal SEs?

A

Valproic Acid - SE: Split spine, neural tube defects, and bone marrow suppression.

43
Q

Mood stabilizers: what is the MOA of Lithium? What are the fetal SE of its use?

A

MOA: blocks the dephosphorylation of IP3-DAG.

SE: Epsteins Anomaly: Right atrium gets bigger, left atrium gets smaller, and thus causes a decrease in BP.

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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