behavioral final Flashcards
true or false
the placebo ha no intrinsic therapeutic value
true
the effect of the placebo can be
psychological or physical
About —% of the apparent efficacy of antidepressants may be attributable to placebo effect
75
The total drug effect is equal to
it’s placebo effect + active effect
true or false
What counts more in reality Is what is going in the brain/mind not the pharmacological effect .
true
what are the patterns of discovery
1)It’s new. It’ll cure every thing . And of course there are no side effects .
2 – Oooops! Maybe we were wrong. The honeymoon is over .
3 – Is it actually better than any thing we have ? Is it actually better than placebo
factors affecting the placebo affect
relationship between the Dr and the pt the psychological state of the patient the Dr beliefs in the intrinsic worth of his medicine length of time spent with the patient the demeanor of the doctor
what are the factors which influence the hypothalamic control on immediate eating
blood -sugar level, stomach fullness, body temp
true or false
eating is stopped long before it is transformed to sugar
true, Apparently distension of the stomach stimulate
VMH and inhibit further eating
true or false
LH responds to low brain temp. and VMH to high
brain temp.
true
true or false
VMH and the LH have reciprocal effects on the (set point) for body weight
true
note: the limbic system and brain stem nuclei play a role in taste and smell of food
Research results classify people to
restrained eater and unrestrained eater, regardless of their weight
basal metabolism accounts for how much of the person’s energy expenditure
2/3
what are the factors which play against obese people when they try to lose weight
1) the metabolic rate is lower when metabolizing fat tissue
2) their metabolic rate is lower in food deprivation
the best result for decreasing weight comes from
behavioral therapy + drug therapy
true or false
in optic chiasm lesion the circadian rhythm is abolished
false, it is maintained however the periodicity change. it is abolished in suprachiasmatic lesion (no periodicity)
info about the suprachiasmatic nucleus
in the hypothalamus
controls circadian rhythm
periodicity may not be 24 h
In normal light/dark cycle SCN rhythm is ‘phase locked’ to light dark
true or false
light signal don’t reach the SCN in the absence of rods and cons
false, they still reach SCN
note: the rods and cons still influence the SCN
the free running sleep rhythm is?
25 h
true or false
with age there is a decrease in sleep length
true
true or false
in REM sleep there is no spinal reflexes and in non-REM sleep there is an increase in the growth hormones
true
note: in REM sleep there is an increase in temp and blood flow
REM latency is?
90 min
true or false
Stimulation of area surrounding SCN induces slow wave sleep
true
true or false
no one area can stimulate REM sleep but a lesion in one area in the brain stem can abolish REM sleep
true
mention the sleep disorders
1) insomnia
2) hypersomnia
3) sleep-wake schedule disturbance
4) partial arousal
enuresis is much more common in males or females
in males
is stuttering the parents fault
no
ADHD ( which is more common in males than in females) can be treated with
1) drugs : Ritalin
2) behavioral modifications
dyslexia affects ——- of school aged children
10-15%
what are the 3 stages of moral development
preconventional : guided by reward , punishment system
conventional : Reasoning based on a desire to
please others or to follow accepted rules and
values
post-conventional : follows self accepted moral rules
developmental challenges
1) escape from dominance(16-18)
2) leaving the family(18-22)
3) building a workable life (22-28)
4) crisis of questions(29-34)
5) crisis of urgency(35-43)
6) attaining stability(43-50)
7) mellowing(50 and up)
climacteric
When men experience a
significant change in health, vigor, or
appearance. Affects some men between
40-60 years old
what are the 5 basic reactions to death
1) denial and isolation
2) anger
3) bargaining
4) depression
5) acceptance
true or false
discovery learning presents sequential material
false, it doesn’t present sequential learning
source amnesia
The inability to
distinguish what you originally
experienced from what you heard or
were told later about an event.
true or false
D5 has a higher affinity for dopamine than D1
true
compare the D receptors
D1 and D5 they increase cAMP formation by activating the G8 protein
D2,D3,D4 they inhibit the CAMP by activating G1 protein
where is each of the inhibitory dopamine receptors stored
D2: in the stratum
D3: nucleus accumbens
D4: frontal cortex
true or false
b3 regulates energy metabolism, expressed in adipocytes, their activation reduces body fat
true
the primary metabolite of serotonin metabolism is
5HIAA
anti-allergic drugs act on
H1 receptors, while the H3 receptors involved in vascular tone control
acetyl choline is found in
neucleus basalis of Meynert
