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Hamsters, GPs, other rodents > BB LRGPHOR Ch3 - Clinical Chemistry & Hematology > Flashcards

BB LRGPHOR Ch3 - Clinical Chemistry & Hematology Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Which committee formed by several scientific societies formulated a recommended core clinical chemistry panel for safety and toxicity studies in laboratory animals?
A

IHCPT = International Committee for Harmonization of Clinical Pathology Testing

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2
Q
  1. How much volume of blood can be safely withdrawn in a single sample in order to avoid hypovolemic shock and anemia?
    a. 1% of the animal’s body weight every two weeks
    b. 10% of the circulating blood volume every two weeks
    c. 7.5% of the total blood volume every week
    d. All of the above
A

d

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3
Q
  1. What is the preferable sample for most clinical chemistry assays?
    a. Serum
    b. EDTA blood
    c. Heparin
A

a

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4
Q
  1. True or False: Serum is produced by collecting blood into tubes with no anticoagulant and allowing it to clot for 30-45 minutes at room temperature. The sample should not stand more than 45 minutes without refrigeration. The sample tube is centrifuged at approximately 1000 g for 15 minutes to yield serum.
A

True

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5
Q
  1. Which two factors interfere with the results of the clinical biochemistry assays?
A

Lipemia and hemolysis

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6
Q
  1. Which procedure do you follow to analyze the urine sediment under the microscope for cells, bacteria and crystals?
A

Centrifuge 1-2 ml of urine at 10 000 g for 10 minutes

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7
Q
  1. True or False: A decrease in glucose concentration by approximately 7% is reported in blood that sits at room temperature for 1 hour.
A

True

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8
Q
  1. Which is the precipitating agent that is often used to remove lipoproteins from the serum sample?
A

Polyethylene glycol 6000

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9
Q
  1. What are the correct functions of low-density and high-density lipoproteins?
A

Low-density carry cholesterol from the liver throughout the body, and high-density lipoproteins carry cholesterol away from the tissues of the body back to the liver

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10
Q
  1. True or False: Triglycerides are a major component of very low-density lipoprotein and serve as a source of energy.
A

True

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11
Q
  1. What is the standardized method that represents enzyme activity?
A

IU

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12
Q
  1. What is the definition of IU?
A

One unit is the amount of enzyme that reacts with one picomole of substrate per minute.

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13
Q
  1. When are alkaline phosphatase concentration increased?
    a. Digestion and cholestasis.
    b. Injury to intestinal and biliary epithelium.
    c. All of the above.
A

c

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14
Q
  1. When are alkaline phosphatase concentration decreased?
A

Fasting, hypothyroidism, pernicious anemia

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15
Q
  1. True or False: Aspartate aminotransferase are increased in proportion to the amount of cellular damage.
A

True

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16
Q
  1. True or False: The concentration of LDH is decreased in serum as a result of organ infarction and significant cell death that results in loss of cytoplasm.
A

True

17
Q
  1. What does an increase in sorbitol dehydrogenase levels indicate?
A

Hepatocellular damage

18
Q
  1. Which are the two glucocorticoids produced in the adrenal gland cortex?
A

Cortisol and Corticosterone

19
Q
  1. What are the sites of production for progesterone?
    a. Corpora lutea of the ovaries
    b. Adrenal glands
    c. Placenta during pregnancy
    d. All of the above
A

d

20
Q
  1. Which enzymes are increased and therefore indicative for liver damage?
A

AST and ALT

21
Q
  1. Why do specimens obtained for bilirubin levels need to be protected from light exposure?
A

Bilirubin oxidizes when exposed to light

22
Q
  1. What is the calculated normal ratio of albumin to globulin?
A

> 1

23
Q
  1. When a renal disorder is suspected, the ratio to BUN to serum creatinine is used for diagnostic. Which ratio is indicative for renal disease?
A

< 20:1

24
Q
  1. Which is the most common site of blood collection for small volumes in a rabbit?
A

Marginal ear vein

25
Q
  1. True or False: Rabbit blood may require more anticoagulant than other species due to its higher calcium content.
A

True

26
Q
  1. Which is the potential cause for reddish coloration of rabbit urine?
A

Hematuria or Dietary porphyrine

27
Q
  1. True or False: Liver enzymes in rabbits are not liver-specific.
A

True

28
Q
  1. True or False: Atropine esterase is present in approximately one third of domestic rabbits and hydrolyzes atropine interfering with the pharmacologic action of atropine.
A

True

29
Q
  1. What is the most common cause for renal failure in a rabbit?
A

E.cuniculi

30
Q
  1. Which side should be chosen for the jugular blood drawing in a guinea pig?
A

right

31
Q
  1. True or False: The guinea pig serves as a good model for hypercholesterolemia
    in humans.
A

True

32
Q
  1. True or False: Hairless Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs have lower ALP levels and
    higher ALT levels compared to normal Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs.
A

True

33
Q
  1. True or False: Cortisol is the primary glucocorticoid produced by the guinea instead of corticosterone, which predominates in the mouse and rat.
A

True

34
Q
  1. What is the correct method to restrain a kangaroo rat?
A

Grasping the loose skin at the nape of the neck

35
Q
  1. What is the correct method to restrain a cotton rat?
A

Restrain with leather gloves followed by anethesia

36
Q
  1. What is the standard safe volume of a single sample?
A

1% of the animal’s body weight every two weeks

37
Q
  1. Which is the preferred anticoagulant for routine hematology assays?
A

EDTA

38
Q
  1. What is the approximate plasma volume of the total blood in most animals?
A

50-60% of total blood volume

39
Q
  1. The FOA-Kurloff cells are found in which species?
A

Guinea Pig

Hamsters, GPs, other rodents (8 decks)

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