Bates-PeripheralVascSystem Flashcards
common signs and symptoms of peripheral vascular disease?
EPICN - In extermeties, Edema, Pain, Intermittent claudication, Color change in cold weather, Numbness
intermittent claudication can be caused by atherosclerosis. What is another disease that can cause ischemia with exertion, BUT is reduced by leaning forward, (instead of just resting)
spinal stenosis, leaning forward stretches spinal cord out reducing pain, and is relieved less by rest.
hair loss is an indication of what?
loss of arterial perfusion, gangrene with dry or brown/black ulcers may ensue
fatigue, aching, pain, or numbness in the buttocks or hips suggest ischemia stemming from what artery?
aortoilliac
erectile dysfunction suggests ischemia stemming from what artery?
iliacpudendal
fatigue, aching, pain, or numbness in the thigh suggests ischemia stemming from what artery?
common femoral or aortoiliac
fatigue, aching, pain, or numbness in the upper calf suggests ischemia stemming from what artery?
superficial femoral
fatigue, aching, pain, or numbness in the lower calf suggests ischemia stemming from what artery?
popliteal
fatigue, aching, pain, or numbness in the foot suggests ischemia stemming from what artery?
tibial or peroneal
abdominal pain after meals and subsequent “food fear” and weight loss indicate
intestinal ischemia of the celiac or superior or inferior mesenteric arteries
what are the risk factors for Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease (LEPAD)
-50 (with smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, or hyprhomocysteinemia) | 50-70- smoking or diabetes | 70+ just cause | pulse abnormal | exertion pain | known disease of arteries
What are the risk factors for Renal Artery Disease?
-30 and hypertensive | 55+ with SEVERE hypertension | accelerated hypertension | worsening renal function | small kidney | unexplained pulmonary edema
what are the risk factors for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?
excess infrarenal aortic diameter (over 3.0 cm) | smoking | 65+ | family hist. | arterial disease | hypertension | high Cholesterol
IRONY
an unexpected outcome, or the use of a word that is the opposite of its literal meaning
lymphadema in the arm or hand may follow what surgery?
axillary node dissection and radiation therapy
prominent veins in an edematous arm suggest what?
venous obstruction
what is Raynaud’s disease?
wrist pulses normal, but more distal arteries are induce sharply demarcated pallor in the fingers
what is a description for a widely dilated artery?
aneurysmal
bounding carotid, radial, and femoral pulses are seen in aortic ___.
insufficiency, (lack of elasticity produces an abnormally powerful pulse in regions downstream)
asymmetric diminished pulses are seen in arterial ____ from atherosclerosis or embolism.
occlusion
Lymphadenopathy refers to what? What are two classifications of this that should be distinguished in an exam?
lymphadenopathy is simply swollen lymph nodes, independent of tenderness. The physician should distinguish between a local or general version of this, by either finding a local lesion near the swelling, or by identifying large nodes in 2 other nonadjacent nodes.
occasionally you must search more ___ to find what would be the dorsalis pedis artery.
laterally, it may be congenitally absent in some people.
diabetes mellitus patients are often missing what pulse?
dorsalis pedis arterial pulse
A missing pulse mixed with pain and tingling, cold and paleness, is known as what and requires what?
sudden arterial occlusion, (ie. embolism or thrombosis), and reuiqres emergency treatment. (keep in mind that if collateral circulation is good, only numbness and coolness may result).