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Physical Diagnosis > Bates-MaleGenitalia > Flashcards

Bates-MaleGenitalia Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three columns of vascular erectile tissue of the penis?

A

corpus spongiosum, two corpora cavernosum

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2
Q

THe ____ formsthe bulb of the penis, ending in the glans

A

corpus pongiosum

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3
Q

The ____ is the column of tissue that contains the urethra.

A

Corpus spongiosum

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4
Q

____ are secretions of the glans penis

A

smegma

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5
Q

Covering the testes, except posteriorly, is the ____

A

tunica vaginalis

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6
Q

On the posterolateral surface of each testis is the comma-shaped ____

A

Epididymis

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7
Q

The ___ contains tightly coild spermatic ducts that provide a reservoir for maturation and transport of sperm. From this, the sperm move to the ____

A
  1. epididymis
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8
Q

Lymphatics from the penile and scrotal surfaces drain into the ____ nodes.

A

Inguinal

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9
Q

Sexual function depends on what 3 things?

A
  1. normal levels of testosterone
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10
Q

The lymphatics of the testes drain to_____

A

The abdomen

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11
Q

The ____ forms a tunnel for the vas deferens through the abdominal muscles.

A

Inguinal canal

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12
Q

What are inguinal hernias?

A

When loops of bowel force their way through weak areas of the inguinal canal

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13
Q

____ may accompany gonococcal and nongonococcal urethritis

A

Penile discharge (yellowish in gonococcal, white in non-gonococcal)

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14
Q

Which infections can be acquired from oral-penile transmission?

A

Gonorrhea

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15
Q

How often should men between 15-35 be encouraged to perform testicular self-exams?

A

Monthly

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16
Q

___ is a tight prepuce that cannot be retracted over the glans.

A

Phimosis

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17
Q

What is paraphimosis?

A

A tight prepuce that once retracted over the glans cannot return.

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18
Q

Inflammation of the glans is called ___. Usually secondary to ___

A

balanitis

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19
Q

___ is inflammation of the glans and prepuce.

A

Balanoposthitis

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20
Q

Pubic or genital excoriations suggest the possibility of ___

A

pubic lice (crabs), or sometimes scabies

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21
Q

What is hypospadias?

A

Congenital, ventral displacement of the meatus on the penis

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22
Q

Upon compressing the glans between your fingers, there is a profuse, yellow discharge. You suspect

A

Gonococcal urethritis

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23
Q

Normally, compression of the glans produces (White/Clear/yellow/no) discharge

A

None

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24
Q

Induration along the ventral surface of the penis suggests ___

A

urethral stricture, possibly carcinoma

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25
Q

What is cryptorchidism

A

An undescended testicle

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26
Q

What are common scrotal swellings?

A
  • indirect inguinal hernias
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27
Q

Dome-shaped white or yellow papules or nodules on teh scrotum are called ____ and are formed by ___

A

epidermoid cysts, formed by occluded follicles filled with keratin debris of follicular epithellium

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28
Q

A poorly developed scrotum on one or both sides suggests?

A

Cryptorchidism

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29
Q

_____raises possibility of testicular cancer

A

Any painless nodule in the testis

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30
Q

___ is a potentially curable cancer with peak incidence between age 15-35

A

Testicular cancer

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31
Q

Tortuous veins noted to the left when palpating the spermatic cord suggests ___

A

varicocele

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32
Q

A cystic structure in the spermatic corde suggests ___

A

hydrocele of the cord

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33
Q

Swelling in the scrotum other than testicles can be evaluated by ____

A

transillumination

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34
Q

In transillumination, ____ light up with a red glow, while ____ do not

A
  1. swellings containing serous fluid (hydroceles)
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35
Q

A bulge that appears on straining suggests ___

A

hernia

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36
Q

A bulge near the external inguinal ring suggests a ___

A

DIRECT inguinal hernia

37
Q

A bulge near the internal inguinal ring suggests ___

A

INDIRECT inguinal hernia

38
Q

What defines an “incarcerated” hernia?

A

It’s contents cannot be returned to the abdominal cavity

39
Q

What is a strangulated hernia?

A

Blood supply to the entrapped contents is compromised.

40
Q

A congenital displacement of the urethral meatus to the inferior surface of the penis is a ___

A

hypospadias

41
Q

Scrotal edema may suggest what disease process(es)

A

CHF or nephrotic syndrome

42
Q

___ is identified by palpable, non-tender, hard plaques found just beneath the skin along the dorsum of the penis.

A

Peyronie’s Disease

43
Q

A male presents with complaints of a crooked, painful erection and you note plaques beneath the skin along the dorsum of the penis. You suspect

A

Peyronie’s disease

44
Q

A ___ is a non-tender, fluid-filled mass within the tunica vaginalis. It transilluminates and the examining fingers can get above the mass within the scrotum.

A

Hydrocele

45
Q

___ can be identified by an indurated nodule or ulcer, usually nontender. It is usually found in men who are not circumcised, making it less

A

Carcinoma of the Penis

46
Q

Usually an indirect inguinal hernia that comes through the internal inguinal ring so fingers cannot get above the mass in a ____

A

scrotal hernia

47
Q

Condylomata acuminata is another term for ____, and is caused by what?

A

Genital warts, caused by HPV subtypes 6 or 11

48
Q

single or multiple papules or plaques of variable shapes; may be round, pointed, or thin and slender. May be raised, flat, or cauliflower like. May disappear without treatment, but can arise on penis, scrotum groin thighs…

A

Condylomata Acuminata

49
Q

A patient presents with small, scattered or grouped vesicles on glans or shaft of penis, and can appear as erosions if vesicular membrane breaks.

A

Genital herpes simplex

50
Q

In an older patient presenting with apparent genital herpes, you should be sure to distinguish it from what?

A

Genital herpes zoster, candidiasis

51
Q

Pt presents with small red papule that becomes a painless erosion up to 2cm. The erosion is clean, red, smooth, and glistening. It heals within 3-8 weeks.

A

Primary Syphillis

52
Q

The term used to describe the painless erosion of syphillis is ___

A

Chancre

53
Q

The organism that causes syphilis is ___

A

treponema pallidum

54
Q

___ is a red papule or pustule initially, then forms a painful deep ulcer with a ragged non-indurated margin. It contains necrotic exudate.

A

Chancroid

55
Q

The organism responsible for chancroid is ___

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

56
Q

In ___ the testis is arophied and may lie within the inguinal canal or abdomen resulting in an unfilled scrotum.

A

Cryptorchidism

57
Q

The risk of testicular cancer is ____ in patients wit cryptorchidism.

A

Increased

58
Q

In adults, testicular length is usually ____

A

3.5-5cm

59
Q

The testicles of a pt with Klinefelter’s syndrome are usually ____cm

A

<2cm

60
Q

___ is an acute inflammation of the testis. Testis is painful, tender, and swollen. Scrotum may also be reddened

A

Acute orchitis

61
Q

Acute orchitis is usually (bilateral/unilateral), and is seen in ____

A

unilateral, seen in mumps and other viral infections

62
Q

A painless, movable cystic mass just above the testis suggests a ____.

A

Spermatocele or epididymal cyst.

63
Q

What is the difference between a spermatocele and an epididymal cyst?

A

Spermatocele contains sperm. Epididymal cyst does not. Otherwise clinically indistinguishable

64
Q

___ refers to varicose veins of the spermatic cord, usually on the left.

A

Varicocele of the Spermatic cord

65
Q

Pt presents with a Left testicle that feels like there is a soft “bag of worms above it”. You suspect

A

Varicocele

66
Q

In ___ the epididymis is tender and swollen and may not be distinguishable from the testis. Scrtum may be reddened and vas deferens inflamed.

A

Acute epididymitis

67
Q

A patient presents with painful and swollen genitalia. He was also diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. THe scrotum and vas deferens are inflamed and the scrotum is red. You suspect.

A

Acute epididymitis

68
Q

____ produces a firm enalargement of the epididymis, sometimes tender, with thickening or beding of the vas deferens

A

Chronic inflammation of Tuberculous epididymitis (in pts with tuberculosis)

69
Q

___ is a twisting of the testicle on its spermatic cord.

A

Torsion

70
Q

A 15 y/o male presents with acute onset of severe pain in his scrotum. Scrotum is red and edematous, without a hx of infection or injury.

A

Testicular torsion

71
Q

What is the most common type of inguinal hernia?

A

Indirect

72
Q

____ originate above the inguinal ligament, near it’s midpoint (internal inguinal ring)

A

Indirect inguinal hernias

73
Q

A ____ inguinal hernia commonly travels into the scrotum.

A

Indirect

74
Q

____ inguinal hernias are usually found in men older than 40 and are rare in women

A

Direct inguinal hernias

75
Q

___ originate above the inguinal ligament, close to the pubic tubercle (near external inguinal ring.

A

Direct inguinal hernias

76
Q

A direct inguinal hernia _____ travels into the scrotum

A

Rarely

77
Q

During a hernia exam, the hernia comes down and touches the fingertip if it is a ____

A

Indirect inguinal hernia

78
Q

During a hernia exam, the hernia bulges anteriorly and pushes the side of the finger forward if it is a _____

A

direct inguinal hernia

79
Q

___ are the least common type of hernia, and are more common in ____(gender)

A

Femoral, women

80
Q

A femoral hernia originates _____ the inguinal ligament.

A

Below and more laterally

81
Q

Femoral hernia may be confused for ___

A

swollen lymph nodes

82
Q

A femoral hernia _____ travels into the scrotum

A

Never

83
Q

During hernia exam, the inguinal canal is empty if it is a ____

A

femoral hernia.

84
Q

____ is more commonly known as “jock itch”

A

Tinea cruris

85
Q

What is peyronie’s disease?

A

Causes curvature of the penis caused by inflammation of the tunica albiguinea of the penis resulting in a fibrous plaque

86
Q

___ is a prolonged erection

A

priapism

87
Q

What is the treatment for priapism

A

needle aspiration and occasionally phenylephrine

88
Q

What does prostatic fluid do?

A

it is alkaline so it helps counteract acidity of vaginal canal so sperm can live longer

89
Q

AUR refers to ____

A

BOO = bladder outlet obstruction

Physical Diagnosis (9 decks)

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