Basic Science

Question 1

Gliding joint

Answer 1

no axis of rotation; moves by sliding side to side or back and forth; example = carpals of hand, facet joints of spine

Question 2

Condyloid joint

Answer 2

formed by fitting of condyles of one bone into elliptical cavities of another; moves perdominantly in one plane: example = knee and metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers.

Question 3

Hinge joint

Answer 3

uniaxial; example = elbow, interphalangeal toe joints, ankle

Question 4

Saddle joint

Answer 4

one bone looks like a saddle and articulating bone straddles it like a rider; two planes of motion; example = only in carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Question 5

Pivot joint

Answer 5

one axis, rotates; example = atlantooccipital joint and radioulnar joint

Question 6

Ball and socket joint

Answer 6

most mobile; moves in all three planes of motion; example = shoulder and hip

Question 7

best exercise to strengthen bone

Answer 7

weight bearing

Question 8

epi-, peri-, and endomysium

Answer 8

epi- surrounds the muscle beneath the fascia; peri- surrounds fascicles; endo- deepest, surrounds individual muscle fibers

Question 9

tropomyosin

Answer 9

on actin filament, blocks myosin binding sites

Question 10

Type I fibers

Answer 10

SLOW twitch, more capillaries/mitos/myoglobin; increased O2 delivery; smaller size; less force; slow to fatigue; long-term contractions (stabilization)

Question 11

Type II fibers

Answer 11

FAST twitch; larger; more force; quick to fatigue; short-term contractions

Question 12

Chest press: agonist, synergist, stabilizer, and antagonist

Answer 12

pec/ ant delt & tric/ rot. cuff/ post. delt

Question 13

OH press: agonist, synergist, stabilizer, and antagonist

Answer 13

delt/ TRICEPS/ rot. cuff/ lat dorsi

Question 14

Row: agonist, synergist, stabilizer, and antagonist

Answer 14

lat/ post delt, biceps/ rot. cuff/ pec

Question 15

Squat: agonist, synergist, stabilizer, and antagonist

Answer 15

glutes & quads/ hams/ transv. ab/ psoas