Basic principles and structure of atoms

Question 1

What are the components of an atom?

Answer 1

Nucleus (protons and neutrons)
Electron cloud (electrons)

Question 2

What is matter?

Answer 2

anything that has a mass or volume

Question 3

What are properties?

Answer 3

characteristics of a substance

Question 4

What are physical properties?

Answer 4

properties of the substance itself without interaction or change

Question 5

What are chemical properties?

Answer 5

properties of the substance as it changes into or interacts with another
substance

Question 6

What is energy? (within science)

Answer 6

the ability to do work

Question 7

What are molecules?

Answer 7

a group of atoms bonded together

Question 8

What is a mixture?

Answer 8

when two or more elements or compounds are present without being chemically bonded

Question 9

What is a compound?

Answer 9

a distinct group of atoms which are chemically bonded

Question 10

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 10

Solid
Liquid
Gas

Question 11

What are the characteristics of something in solid state?

Answer 11

Holds shape
fixed volume

Question 12

What are the characteristics of something in liquid state?

Answer 12

shape of container
free surface
fixed volume

Question 13

What are the characteristics of something in gas state?

Answer 13

shape of container volume of container

Question 14

What can have big implications for environmental behaviour involving molecules?

Answer 14

Molecules are attracted together with some force of attraction being stronger

Question 15

How can state of matter be changed?

Answer 15

By adding heat or energy

Question 16

What is the unit for energy?

Answer 16

Joules

Question 17

What is the equation for potential energy?

Answer 17

PE= mpg

Question 18

What do the letters in the Potential energy equation mean?

Answer 18

PE=mpg
m=mass
g= acceleration of gravity

Question 19

What is the proportionality constant figure for the acceleration of gravity?

Answer 19

9.8 m s-2

Question 20

What is the formula for kinetic energy?

Answer 20

KE= 1/2MV*2

Question 21

What does V mean in the kinetic energy formula?

Answer 21

Velocity

Question 22

What does it mean when we say energy is conserved?

Answer 22

energy cannot be created or destroyed but it may be converted from one form

Question 23

What type of energy situation is favoured lower of higher? (In atoms)

Answer 23

Lower

Question 24

What is chemical energy?

Answer 24

energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules

Question 25

What are the main types of energy?

Answer 25

Chemical
Kinetic
Potential
Heat
Electrical
Light
Nuclear

Question 26

What parts of an atom have the greatest mass?

Answer 26

protons and neutrons
(electrons are very light)

Question 27

What does the number of protons determine?

Answer 27

identity of of element/ atom (chemical properties)

Question 28

What is an element?

Answer 28

pure substance consisting of only one atom

Question 29

What is the atomic number?

Answer 29

charge in the nucleus= number of protons

Question 30

What is the mass number made up of?

Answer 30

number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 31

What is an isotope?

Answer 31

atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons giving the element a different mass but not charge

Question 32

What is a group and period in a periodic table?

Answer 32

Group= down column
period= across row

Question 33

What is the letter notation for mass and atomic number?

Answer 33

mass= A
atomic = Z