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1.1 Getting started > Basic mammalian body plan > Flashcards

Basic mammalian body plan Flashcards

1
Q

What is gross anatomy?

A

anatomy that is visible to the naked eye

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2
Q

Dorsal

A

towards the dorsum (back) or corresponding surfaces of head and tail

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3
Q

Ventral

A

towards the ventrum (belly) or corresponding surfaces of head and tail

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4
Q

Cranial

A

towards the cranium (head)

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5
Q

Caudal

A

towards the tail

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6
Q

(head) rostral

A

towards the tip of the nose

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7
Q

(head) caudal

A

towards the tail

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8
Q

proximal

A

towards the trunk

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9
Q

distal

A

away from the trunk

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10
Q

medial

A

towards the median plane

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11
Q

lateral

A

away from the median plane

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12
Q

axial

A

close to the axis

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13
Q

abaxial

A

away from the axis

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14
Q

(forelimb) above the carpus

A

cranial and caudal

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15
Q

(forelimb) below the carpus

A

dorsal and palmar

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16
Q

(hindlimb) above the tarsus

A

cranial and caudal

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17
Q

(hindlimb) below the tarsus

A

dorsal and plantar

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18
Q

What is the function of the musculoskeletal (locomotor) system?

A

protection and support of body systems

19
Q

What is included in the axial skeleton?

A
  • skull
  • vertebral column
20
Q

What is included in the appendicular skeleton?

A
  • forelimb
  • hindlimb
21
Q

What is included in the vertebral column?

A
  • vertebra/vertebrae
  • individual bones acting as a single functional unit
22
Q

What are the regions of the vertebral column?

A
  • cervical
  • thoracic
  • lumbar
  • sacral
  • caudal/coccygeal
23
Q

What are the forelimb bones?

A
  • scapula
  • humerous
  • radius & ulna
  • carpal bones
  • metacarpal bones
  • phalanges (proximal phalanx, middle phalanx, distal phalanx)
24
Q

What are the forelimb joints?

A
  • shoulder
  • elbow
  • carpus
  • metacarpo-phalangeal / fetlock
  • proximal interphalangeal
  • distal interphalangeal
25
Q

What are the hindlimb bones?

A
  • pelvis
  • femur
  • tibia & fibula
  • tarsal bones
  • metatarsal bones
  • phalanges ( proximal phalanx, middle phalanx, distal phalanx)
26
Q

What are the hindlimb joints?

A
  • sacroiliac
  • hip
  • stifle
  • tarsus/hock
  • metatarso-phalangeal/fetlock
  • proximal interphalangeal
  • distal interphalangeal
27
Q

The trunk contains what 3 body cavities?

A

thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity

28
Q

(Thoracic cavity) Dorsal limits

A

thoracic region of vert. column

29
Q

(Thoracic cavity) Lateral limits

A

ribcage (ribs and associated structures)

30
Q

(Thoracic cavity) Ventral limits

A

sternum

31
Q

(Thoracic cavity) Cranial limits

A

thoracic inlet

32
Q

(thoracic cavity) caudal limits

A

diaphram

33
Q

What major components of these systems are contained within the thoracic cavity?

A
  • cardiovascular system - heart
  • respiratory system - lungs
  • digestive system - oesophagus
34
Q

What is the specific function of the thoracic wall?

A

aid in respiration (breathing)

35
Q

(abdominal cavity) dorsal limits

A

lumbar region of vert. column

36
Q

(abdominal cavity) lateral and ventral limits

A

muscular abdominal wall

37
Q

(abdominal cavity) cranial limits

A

diaphragm

38
Q

(abdominal cavity) caudal limits

A

pelvic inlet

39
Q

What is the specific function of the abdominal wall?

A
  • allows expansion
  • aids in abdominal press
40
Q

(pelvic cavity) dorsal limits

A

sacral region of vertebral column

41
Q

(pelvic cavity) cranial limits

A

pelvic inlet

42
Q

(pelvic cavity) caudal limits

A

pelvic diaphragm (muscles that form boundary), perineum (skin)

43
Q

what is the function of the pelvic diaphragm and perineum?

A

support external openings of these systems

44
Q

What is a joint?

A

the point at which two bones or two parts of the skeleton are fitted together is a joint

1.1 Getting started (31 decks)

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