Basic concepts of organic chemistry

Question 1

what is a homologous series

Answer 1

• series of a group of compounds
• same functional group
• same general formula

Question 2

what are aromatic compounds

Answer 2

• contain a benzene ring

Question 3

what are aliphatic compounds

Answer 3

straight, branched or non-aromatic chains

Question 4

what are alicyclic compounds

Answer 4

• in rings

- not aromatic

Question 5

how to name an organic molecule

Answer 5

• find the longest carbon chain
• the functional group tells you the suffix
  number the carbon chain so the FG us on the lowest possible carbon
• any side chains/other FG are written as prefixes in alphabetical order

Question 6

what is a mechanism

Answer 6

shows the movement of electrons during a chemical reaction

Question 7

what is bond fission

Answer 7

• breaking of a covalent bond

Question 8

what is heterolytic fission

Answer 8

• c-bond breaks
• one of the bonded atoms takes both electrons
• e- distributed unequally to form 2 different ions (cat/anion)

Question 9

what is homolytic fission

Answer 9

• c-bond breaks
• electrons shared equally
  each of the bonded atoms takes one electron
• forms 2 uncharged radicals.

Question 10

what are strcutual isomers

Answer 10

• same molecular formula

- different structual formula