Acids and Redox Flashcards

1
Q

Define polyprotic

A
  • acids that donate more than one proton

E.g 1 mole of H2SO4 will produce 2 moles of H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what pH are salts

A

pH neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

acid + base

A

salt + water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe ammonia reaction with acids

A
  • ammonia reacts with acids to make ammonium salts
  • no water is formed.
    2NH3 + H2SO4 = (NH4)2SO4
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Metal + acid

A

salt + hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

metal oxide + acid

A

salt + water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

metal hydroxide + acid

A

salt + water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

metal carbonate

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

colour changes of indicators

A
  • phenolphthalein : colourless in acid and pink in alkali

- methyl orange : red in acid and yellow in alkali

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How to make a standard solution

A
  • SS is when you have a known conc
  • weigh the solid in a boat using a balance
  • transfer solid from boat to beaker
  • wash any solid left with deionised water
  • ensures all of solid is transferred
  • dissolve solid using DW
  • stir to ensure solid is fully dissolved
  • transfer solution to a volumetric flask using a funnel
  • rinse the beaker and rod into the flask so all of it is transferred
  • fill volumetric flask using deionised water to the graduation line using a pipette.
  • invert the flask and mix.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explain what type of reaction calcium + oxygen is and why?

A

Ca + 0.5 O2 = CaO

  • Redox reaction
  • Ca = Ca2+ + 2e- (Ca is oxidised as it loses electrons)
  • O2 + 2e- = O2- (oxygen is reduced as it gains electrons)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are reducing agents

A
  • RA lose electrons

- they are the species being oxidised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are oxidising agents

A
  • OA gain electrons

- they are the species being reduced.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ox number of uncombined elements?

A

always 0

- Cl2, Fe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ox number of ions

A

Ox number is the same as the charge on the ion
Cl- = -1
Ca2+ = +2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ox number of aluminium

A

always +3

17
Q

Ox number of hydrogen

A

+1

but when in hydrides it is -1 (NaH)

18
Q

Ox number of chlorine

A

-1

but if in a compound with F + O it will have a +ve value (in ClF3, Cl = +3)

19
Q

Ox number of flourine

A

-1

20
Q

Ox number of oxygen

A

-2
but if in peroxide -1 (H2O2)
if in OF2 +2

21
Q

Ox + Re in terms of Ox number

A
  • reduction is a decrease in Ox number

- Oxidation is an increase in Ox number.