Basic Anatomy Terms Flashcards
Superior
Above another structure.
The heart is superior to the stomach.
Inferior
Below another structure.
The stomach is inferior to the heart.
Anterior/ventral
Toward the front of the body.
The navel is anterior to the spine.
Posterior/dorsal
Toward the back of the body.
The spine is posterior to the navel.
Medial
Toward the midline of the body.
The nose is medial to the eyes.
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body (or toward the side of the body).
The ears are lateral to the nose.
Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body.
The spleen and descending colon are ipsilateral.
Contralateral
On opposite sides of the body.
The ascending and descending portions of the colon are contralateral.
Intermediate
Between two structures.
The knee is intermediate between the upper leg and lower leg.
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment of a limb.
The elbow is proximal to the wrist.
Distal
Farther from the point of attachment of a limb.
The foot is distal to the knee.
Superficial
Toward the surface of the body.
The skin is superficial to the muscle.
Deep
Away from the surface of the body.
The skeleton is deep to the skin.
What are the first 8 levels of biological organization?
- atom
- molecule
- organelle
- cell
- tissue
- organ
- organ system
- organism
Sagittal plane
Name the 11 organ systems in the human body.
- respiratory
- cardiovascular
- gastrointestinal
- nervous
- muscle
- reproductive
- integumentary
- endocrine
- urinary
- immune
- skeletal
PROKARYOTIC
