Basal Ganglia Flashcards
Which structures are found in the rostral (upper) part of the basal ganglia?
Striatum
Globus Pallidus
Which structures are found in the caudal (lower) part of the basal ganglia?
Subthalamic nucleus
Substantia nigra
What does the caudate nucleus run along the walls of?
Lateral ventricles
What structure is found lateral to the caudate nucleus?
Putamen
What 2 structures form the striatum?
Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Which part of the brain is the substantia nigra located in?
Mesencephalon
Where is the red nucleus located in relevance to the substantia nigra?
Above it
What types of circuits are found in the basal ganglia?
Motor circuit
Limbic circuit
Oculomotor circuit
What motor disorders are associated with basal ganglia dysfunction?
Parkinson’s disease
Huntington’s disease
Dystonia
Gilles de la tourette syndrome
What psychiatric disorders are associated with basal ganglia dysfunction?
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
What secondary damage are associated with basal ganglia dysfunction?
Cerebral palsy
Wilson disease
How is Parkinsons disease associated with dopamine levels?
Not enough dopamine
How is Huntingtons disease associated with dopamine levels?
Too much dopamine
What are some features of Parkinsons?
Increased muscle tone
Reduced movements
What are some features of Huntingtons?
Decreased muscle tone
Overshooting movements
