Bandura

Question 1

What was the experiment about?

Answer 1

Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models

Question 2

What was the aim?

Answer 2

To demonstrate that if children were witnesses to an aggressive display by an adult they would imitate this aggressive behaviour when given the opportunity

Question 3

what was the sample?

Answer 3

36 boys and 36 girls aged between 37-69 months

Question 4

What was the mean age of the participants?

Answer 4

4 years and 4 months

Question 5

who were the role models?

Answer 5

one male adult and one female adult

Question 6

What design was used?

Answer 6

Matched pairs

Question 7

What were the P’s matched on?

Answer 7

pre-existing aggressiveness

Question 8

How did the experimenter find out about pre-aggressiveness of the P’s?

Answer 8

they observed the children in the nursery and judged their aggressive behaviour on a 5 point rating scale

Question 9

What were the 3 main conditions?

Answer 9

• Aggressive condition
• Non-Aggressive condition
• Control group

Question 10

What happened to the children in the aggressive and non-aggressive conditions?

Answer 10

They were further divided by sex to the same sex role model

Question 11

Hoe many IV’s are there?

Answer 11

3

Question 12

What are the 3 Iv’s

Answer 12

• Condition children exposed to
• Sex of role model
• sex of child

Question 13

How were the children tested?

Answer 13

Individually

Question 14

What happened in stage 1?

Answer 14

• brought to experiment room by experimenter which was set out for play for nursery children’s age group
• One corner arranged as the child’s play area
• at the opposite side of room there was another corner with more aggressive toys , the model was seated here and the experimenter then left the room

Question 15

What 3 activities were in the corner for child’s play area?

Answer 15

• Small table and chair
• Potato prints
• Picture stickers

Question 16

What 4 toys were in the more aggressive corner?

Answer 16

• Small table and chair
• Tinker toy set
• A mallet
• Five foot inflatable bobo doll

Question 17

What did the model do in the non-aggressive condition?

Answer 17

Ignored the bobo doll and assembled the tinker toys quietly and gently

Question 18

What did the model do in the aggressive condition?

Answer 18

Began assembling tinker toys but after 1 min turned to the bobo doll and was aggressive to the doll in a very stylised and distinctive way

Question 19

How long was the child in the room with the role model for?

Answer 19

10 minutes

Question 20

What happened when the child was taken from the first room?

Answer 20

They were taken to a second room which they were told was another games room

Question 21

What were the children subjected to in stage 2?

Answer 21

Mild aggression arousal

Question 22

What happened in stage 2?

Answer 22

It had some relatively attractive toys in and when the child began to play with them the experimenter told them they couldn’t play with them as they were their best toys and she had decided to reserve them for other children

Question 23

What happened in stage 3?

Answer 23

• child was taken to another room where the child was told they could play with any of the toys.
• In the room were both aggressive and non-aggressive toys

Question 24

How long was the child kept in stage 3 for?

Answer 24

20 minutes

Question 25

How were the children observed in stage 3?

Answer 25

through a one way mirror

Question 26

How often were observations made?

Answer 26

at 5-second intervals

Question 27

How many observations were there in total for each child?

Answer 27

240

Question 28

What were the three measures of imitation recorded?

Answer 28

• Imitation of physical aggression such as punching doll in nose
• imitated verbal aggression such as pow or sock him in the nose
• Imitated non-aggressive verbal responses such as he keeps coming back for more

Question 29

What else did they record?

Answer 29

Aggressive and non-aggressive behaviour that was not an imitation of the role models

Question 30

What 3 things did the researcher have to consider?

Answer 30

• Which children imitated the models
• Which models the children imitate
• whether the children showed a general increase in aggressive behaviour or a specific imitation of the adults behaviour

Question 31

What were the main findings?

Answer 31

• Children in aggressive model condition made more aggressive responses
• Boys were more aggressive than girls
• boys in aggressive condition showed more aggressive responses if the model was male
• the girls in the aggressive condition showed more physical aggression if the model was male and more verbal aggression if model was female

Question 32

On average what did the girls copy were?

Answer 32

• 5.5 aggressive acts if model was female

- 7.2 if model was male

Question 33

On average what did the boys copy and were?

Answer 33

-25.8 if the model was male

Question 34

What did they conclude?

Answer 34

That the findings supported Bandura’s social Learning theory which was that the children learn social behaviour such as aggression through the process of observation learning by watching another person