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Bacteriology > Bacterio8 > Flashcards

Bacterio8 Flashcards

1
Q

Brucella melitensis are (extracellular/facultative intra)——(motile/non)—–(capsulated/not)——– , have a ….. shape

A

Facultative intracellular
Non motile
Non capsulated
Cocco-bacilli

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2
Q

T or F

Brucella melitensis are biovars,serovars and morphovars

A

False

Not serovars

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3
Q

Define biovar

A

Have different biochemical reactions

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4
Q

Source of brucella:

A
  • ingestion of unpasteurized milk
  • by contact during lab or of a dried placenta
  • inhalation of dried placenta
  • trans-placentally from mother to child
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5
Q

T or F

Brucella is transmitted from human to human

A

False

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6
Q

Cultures of brucella are called….

A

Castaneda bottles

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7
Q

Site of replication of brucella

A

Monocytes and macrophages (naive)

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8
Q

After brucella escapes the phagocytic vacuole it will accumulate and form ——–

A

Granulomas (DTH 4)

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9
Q

T or F

Erythitol is secreted by placenta (in humans) and this will cause abortion after infection with brucella.

A

False

This happens only in animals

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10
Q

IP for brucella after ingestion

A

1-3 weeks or more

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11
Q

List the symptoms of acute brucellosis

A 
Fever
Chills
Myalgia
Anorexia ( loss of apetite not nervosa)
Lymphadenopathy
Hepato and splenomegaly
Bacterimia
localized acute;
Osteomyelitis
Discitis
Arthritis
Splenic abscess
prostatitis
pleural effusion
endocarditis
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12
Q

List symptoms of chrinic brucellosis

A

Fatigue
Undulating fever with sweating
Neuropsychatric symptoms like mood disturbances , depression

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13
Q

The laboratory test used to detect brucella:

A

Wright’s test

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14
Q

If the IgG test was pisitive then in which stage of the disease we are?

A

Active disease

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15
Q

T or F

We diagnose brucella by castaneda test

A

False

By serology test

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16
Q

Tx of brucella melitensis

A

Doxyxycline and streptomycin prt (in osteomyelitis and abscess)
Doxycycline and gentamycin prt(in osteomyelitis and abscess)
Doxyxycline with rifampin po
Bactrim for children
Rifampin for pregos

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17
Q 
T or F
Immunosuppressed patients (HIV) have more severe manifestation than normal people after infection with brucella
A

False

The only bacteria that have no effect on immunosuppressed patients

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18
Q

Haemophilus influenza grows on .—— agar , part of —–NF, has a shape of …….. it’s a very common cause of …….. in children

A

Chocolate
URT
Coccobacilli
Otitis media

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19
Q

Haemophilus influenzae requires……. (factors) to grow on the agar

A

Factor X and V

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20
Q

Factor X alone is for……

Factor V alone is for…..

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

Haemophilus parainfluenzae

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21
Q

T or F

If no capsule present on haemophilus influenza then no disease is present

A

False

With capsule this will cause more disease

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22
Q

Hib:
NTHi:

A

Hib : H.infl type b

NTHi: no capsule (non typable)

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23
Q

T or F

In satellism observed on chocolate agar staph aureus is in the middle and H.influenza are around.

A

False

On blood agar

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24
Q

Diseases accompanied with typable H.influenzae:

A

1-meningitis
2-conjuctivitis
3- epiglottitis
4- septic arthritis

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25
Q

Diseases accompanied with NTHi:

A

Otitis media
Sinusitis
Pneumonia or bronchitis

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26
Q

T or F

In epiglottitis, we should give the antibiotic IV for rapid response

A

False
We should do medical emergency
Tracheostomy

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27
Q

T or F

In meningitis caused by H.influenzae , it’s only present in patients between 2-3 months to 2 years

A

True

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28
Q

The most cause of neonatal meningitis are the following bacteria

A

LEB
Listeria
E coli
Strep B

29
Q

T or F

Meningitis caused by H.influenzae is fatal, caused by bacterimia after a sore throat.

A

True

30
Q

The vaccine for H.influenzae is for the (typablr or non typable)——, named……… of ….. doses, the first is on….. month and the booster is after…..

A 
Typable that have capsule
PRP ( polyribosyl ribitol phosphate)
2
2 months
1 year
31
Q

Tx for H.influenzae

A

3rd GC ( ceftriaxone)

32
Q

T or F

Haemophilus ducreyi is part of NF

A

False

33
Q

Ducreyi causes …… that we call ….. ulcer or the soft ….. unlike the hard ….. caused by syphilis.
When we say only —— we refer to the one caused by syphilis.

A

STI
Chancroid ulcer or the soft chancre
Hard chancre
Chancre

34
Q

T or F

Ducreyi is more present in africa where we have HiV 1

A

False

HIV2

35
Q

The symptoms caused by ducreyi will appear after ….. of sexual contact , condom (will/won’t) —– protect us from it.

A

1 weeek

Won’t

36
Q

Progression of skin disease caused by ducreyi.

A

Papule
Ulcer with restricted marginnn
Granulomatous base (T h w macrophages)
Bloody and painful unlike syphilus

37
Q

How to differentiate between syphilis and ducreyi on the physical examination?

A

Ducreyi skin lesions are bloody and painful unlike those of syphilus

Also ducreyi will cause unilateral lymphadenopathy like a bubo unlike syphilus

38
Q

Tx of ducreyi

A

Azithromycin or Ceftriaxone

39
Q

T or F

Ducreyi infection can propagate to the inguinal LN and make a bubo like appearance but unlike yersinia it can’t rupture

A

False

It can rupture ( same as yersinia )

40
Q

T or F

Ducreyi can cause systemic infections

A

False

41
Q

Low T4 count can make any bacteria …….

A

Become invasive

42
Q

Bordetella pertusis is an (aerobic/anaerobe)—— (capsulated / non)—– grows on ——- culture and have a ….. shape

A

Aerobe
Capsulated
Bordet-gengou
Coccobacilli

43
Q

T or F

Humans aren’t the only hosts for pertusis

A

False the are the only hosts

44
Q

List the 5 virulence factors for pertusis and role of each

A

1-Pertusis toxin (binds to cells mostly on cilliated cells)
2-Pilli
3-Cytoplasmic adenylate cyclase (reduces the sugar (hypoglycemia) that affects the function of leukocytes not the number)
4-Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) helps in aggregation of cells
5- tracheal cytotoxin

45
Q

Pertussis causes …….. after the removal of ——– and this is the main cause of —–

A

Superinfections
Cilia and goblet cells
Death

46
Q

Eg. of superinfection is the infection with staph aureus or pneumonia after ……

A

Influenzae

47
Q

List the three phases of infection with pertussis

A

1-catarrhal (URTI) perfect time to take a specimen
2- paroxysmal (too late to efficiently treat) we give vancomycin
3-convalescent (high risk of superinfections)

48
Q

Tx of pertussis

A

Macrolides

Vancomycin for super infections

49
Q

Legionella pneumophila is (aerobe/ana)—— , coesxist in other eukayutic organism called—— (parasite) in ——

A

Aerobic

Amoeba in biofilms

50
Q

Legionella causes …… disease

A

Legionaire’s

51
Q

……. is found on water tanks with …….

A

Legionella

Amoeba

52
Q

Culture of legionella:

A

BCYE

Buffer charcoal yeast extract

53
Q

Legionella is (extracellular/intra)—— and the specific species that infect humans are legionella pneumophila that hydrolyses ——-

A

Fac intra

Hippurate

54
Q

Legionella is found in (running/stagnant)—– water

A

Stagnant

55
Q

Legionella finds the host cell which is ……. by the —— protein , after entering it fails to …… with ….. and consequently will form ……. (big vacuole)

A

The macrophage
Mip
Fuse with the lysosome
LCV : legionella containing vacuole

56
Q

L.pneumophila causes …….. pneumonia like strep pneumonia

A

Alveolar/ lobar or segmental pneumonia

57
Q

Risk factors for developing legionaire’s disease:

A 
55year old Smoking
Alcohol
COPD
CVD
DM
RA (on predrisone)
58
Q

Prodromal illness means the ……. symptoms aka——–

A 
Non specific
Constitutional symptoms (fever, chills , myalgia, nausea and malaise.....)
59
Q

Legionella causes (rapid/slow ) ——–proggressive illness after 1 week of ——- illness so we should do the ——– test, no —– and no—-

A

Rapid
Febrile
Antigen in urine (pneumophila l wahede l bttlaa bl urine)
No serology (laana mesh obligate extracellular)
No BCYE (laanu badu waet)

60
Q

Which antibiotics work efficiently on L.pneumophila

A

Macrolides (azithromycin 500mg OD)
Tetracycline
Quinolones(levofloxacin 750 mg OD)

61
Q

Legionella has extra respiratory manifestation they are as follow:

A

Diarrhea
Epigastric and abdominal pain
Rhabdomyolysis ( destruction of skeleta muscle)
GI , liver(increase in enzymes), kidney ( hematuria ) and increase creatinine ,
CNS

62
Q

T or F

Legionella whether in legionaire’s pneumophila or pontiac fever will cause headache, myalgia and fatigue.

A

True

63
Q

Pontiac fever is (self-limited / chronic)—— with (high/low)——-incubation period and (higher/lower) —– mortality rate and low —— disease

A

Self-limited
Low
Lower
Low

64
Q

Describe the broncho-alveolar lavaage

A

Bronchoscopy with water injection then aspiration to test it , this is called lavage.

65
Q

T or F

Legionella is part of CAP

A

True

Not always the case in pontiac fever

66
Q

T or F

Pertusis causes toxemia

A

False
It’s not invasive
And no toxemiA

67
Q

Legionella (legionaire or pontiac) causes ——- diseases like covid

A

Extra respiratory

Like headache fatigue chills diarrhea abdominal pain

68
Q

Which fever caused by legionella is more severe

A

The one Caused by legionaire (42)

69
Q

Antigen tests for legionella are highly ——–

A

Sensitive

Bacteriology (10 decks)

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