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Bacteriology > Bacterio1 > Flashcards

Bacterio1 Flashcards

1
Q

T or F

Staph aureus are capsulated in 60% of cases

A

False

In 90% of cases

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2
Q

What’s the importance of the capsule in staph aureus?

A

It’s a virulence factor

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3
Q

T or F

Staph aureus is part of transient NF

A

True

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4
Q

T or F

Staph aureus is gram positive , non spore forming and motile

A

False

Gram positive , non spore forming and non motile

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5
Q

What makes staph aureus more virulent other than the capsule?

A

It’s a gram positive so we have teichoic acid and exotoxins

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6
Q

T or F

It’s catalase + coagulase +

A

Trueee

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7
Q

Can staph aureus do an pyogenic infection?

A

Yes, but clumping factors that will add fibrin (from fibrinogen) thus making the connective tissue larger and do pus.

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8
Q

T or F

Staph epidermidis is coagulase -

A

True

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9
Q

T or F

Major staph aureus infection are skin infections

A

True

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10
Q

T or F

Toxins secreted by the bacteria causes skin infection

A

False

The bacteria itself causes skin infections

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11
Q

T or F

Staph aureus can’t cause systemic infections and bacterimia

A

False it can

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12
Q

T or F

The bacteria itself causes food poisoning

A

False the toxins it releases

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13
Q

List the 4 cutaneous infections caused by staph aureus

A

1- impetigo : no redness no swelling just destruction of skin (not deep), crusting(تقشر)is observed it was pus at some time.
2- folliculitis: present around hair follicles, lesions full of puss,elevated pustule ( حبة)
3-furuncles(boils): same as folliculitis but more puss with edema and pain ( signs of inflammation)
4- carbuncles: several furuncles that connect, inflammation is more severe, form abscess

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14
Q

T or F

The carbuncles can cause systemic infection

A

True the increased amount of sonnected sinuses between carbuncles can reach blood and cause bacterimia

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15
Q

T or F

Staphyloccocal scalded skin syndrom or ritters disease is caused by the bacteria itself ( endotoxin)

A

False it’s caused by the exfoliative toxin secreted by the staph aureus

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16
Q

Does impetigo form lesions on the skin?

A

No

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17
Q

Give the third name for ritter’s disease

A

Bullous impetigo

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18
Q

T or F Ritter’s disease can cause opportunistic infections

A

True

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19
Q

How staph aureus can cause food poisoning?

A

By secreting enterotoxins(exotoxins) (25 mg are enough to cause disease)

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20
Q

Incubation period for causing food poisoning by staph aureus is ——- and the enterotoxin released is heat ——

A

Short (1-8 hrs)

Stable

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21
Q

Treatment of food poisoning (diarrhea-vomiting and abdominal pain)

A 
No antibiotics
Fluid replacement ( symptomatic treatment)
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22
Q

T or F

Toxic shock syndrome toxin ( TSST) secreted by staph aureus can cause toxemia ( toxin in blood)

A

True

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23
Q

TSST is an endotoxin

A

False it’s an exotoxin that acts like and endotoxin because it causes systemic infections(TSS)

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24
Q

T or F

Toxins are plasmid mediated

A

False chromosomally mediated

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25
Q

The name of the medium of staph aureus

A

Chapman medium: mannitol salt(to inhibit bacteria growth) agar (MSA)

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26
Q

List 4 chronic infections caused by staph aureus

A

1- acute endocarditis
2- osteomyelitis
3- pulmonary infections (pneumonia,abscess)
4- meningitis.

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27
Q

T or F

In staph aureus infections serology is crucial

A

False, it’s useless

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28
Q

How to prevent the infection with staph aureus?

A 
1- hygeine
2- sterile surgical instruments
3-control nosocomial infections
4- carrier status prevents control
5- No vaccine
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29
Q

T or F

Staph epidermidis is transient NF

A

False it’s resident NF

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30
Q

T or F

Staph epidermidis is catalase + coagulase -

A

True

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31
Q

Causes of staph epidermidis infections

A

It is harmless unless the skin is breached

Valve replacement l, catheters, shunts and prosthetic joints

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32
Q

T Or F

Staph epidermidis can cause acute endocarditis

A

False, subacute endocarditis

33
Q

T or F

Staph aureus causes more severe endocarditis than staph epi

A

True

34
Q

Can staph elidermidis cause biofilms?

A

Yes

35
Q

T or F Staph epidermidis takes the opportunity of an abnormal valve or prosthetic joint to infect

A

True

36
Q

How do we treat staph epidermidis

A

Antibiotics : Rifampicin ( to penetrate biofilms) and vancomycin

37
Q

A young lady suffered from cystitis(inflamation of the bladder) after 7 days of here marriage what’s the most probable cause?

A

Staph saprophyticus

38
Q

T or F

Staph saprophyticus is a STI

A

False it’s not transmitted from partners

39
Q

T or F

Tx of staph epidermidis with antibiotics is enough

A

No we should replace the foreign body first and then give antibodies

40
Q

UTI symptoms caused by staph saprophyticus

A

Dysuria: burning urine (pain while urination)
Pyuria: pus in urine
Hematuria: blood in urine

41
Q

T or F Streptococci are aerobes and fastidious

A

False, strep are facultative anaerobes and fastidious ( متطلبة)

42
Q

How strep is classified according to lancfield?

A

Classified according to their capsule (A,B,O) or unidentified

43
Q

How strep is classified according to hemolytic activity?

A

Alpha hemolytic : incomplete digestion(oxidation) producing methemoglobin of green color.

Beta hemolytic: RBC are destroyed on the agar , color: more or less transparent.

44
Q

T or F

Strep pyogenes is gram positive and uncapsulated

A

False it’s capsulated gram +

45
Q

T or F

Capsule in strep pyogenes is more important that than in staph

A

True

46
Q

The virulence factor in strep pyogene is …..present in the capsule

A

M protein

47
Q

The roles of M protein are:
1-….
2-….
3-….

A

Colonization
Anti-phagocytosis and compliment
Cross reactivity with heart antigens(immunopathological)

48
Q

F-protein : binds to …

T-protein: resistant to …

A

1- fibronectin

2-trypsin

49
Q

T or F

TSS is caused by strep pyogenes

A

True

50
Q

Strep pyogenes is ASO(+/-)

A

Strep pyogenes secretes streptolysin O so in lab when we you anti streptolysin we have agglutination thus ASO+

51
Q

The other name for strep pyogenes is …

A

Strep A

52
Q

Strep A can cause secretion of … that can induce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines without discrimination.
They attach to … part of the MHC

A

Superantigens

Constant part

53
Q

What is the role of streptokinase?

A

Helps in bacteria spread

54
Q

T or F

Streptokinase was used in medicine to treat clots that causes thrombosis (clot digestion)

A

True

55
Q

Which bacteria spreads more strep pyogenes or staph aureus?

A

Pyogeeeeneeesss

56
Q

Arrange these skin infections caused by strep pyogenes from the most superficial to the deepest : necrotizing fascitis,impetigo,cellulitis,erysipelas,myositis

A
  • impetigo
  • erysipelas
  • cellulitis
  • necrotizing fascitis
  • myositis
57
Q

T or F

In cellulitis we have butterfly wing appearance

A

False in erysipelas

58
Q

T or F

In erysipelas the margin of infection is clearer than in cellulitis

A

True

59
Q

T or F

In cellulitis the infections is closes to the vascular beds

A

True

60
Q

In necrotizing fascitis strep pyogenes (is/aint) the only bacteria causing the infection, the is an (increased/decreased) amount of pus it’s also called …… and ……, it may cause sepsis and ——

A

Ain’t
Increased
Flesh-eating disease and Fournier’s gangrene
Death

61
Q

Myositis is when necrotizing fascitis arrives to the…

A

Muscles

62
Q

How to differentiate between bacterial and viral sore throat?

A

Pus patches (white) indicates that most probably it’s an bacterial infection

63
Q

A sever year old female presenting a sore throat with high fever headache and swollen tonsils. On the physical examination we noticed pus. What should i do

A

I should directly give her antibiotics, basically beta-lactam like pennicilin or penicillinG or amoxicillin, to prevent the spread of bacteria (strep for example) and causing post-streptococcal diseases like rheumatic fever.

64
Q

Bacterial pharyngitis can lead to …. which is spread of strep in middle ear and …which is spread of bacteria in sinusis

A
  • otitis

- sinusitis

65
Q

Scarlet fever causes rash in form of dots called ….that are (present/not) on hands and feet unlike ——-
We have redness of the tongue we call it …. tongue

A

Punctuate erythema
Not present
Syphilus
Strawberry

66
Q

T or F

Strep pyogenes causes subacute endocarditis and TSS

A

False it’s an acute endocarditis and TSS (like in staph)

67
Q

T or F

TSS is mostly caused by strep pyogenes

A

False by staph aureus

68
Q

Strep pyogenes causes …. fever (….sepsis)

A

Childbed

Puerperal

69
Q

Regarding post-streptococcal diseases the most important are :

A

Rheumatic fever

Acute glomerulonephritis

70
Q

Suppurative means…

A

Pyogenic

71
Q

After recovery from ritter’s disease the patient have ——- immunity against the —— toxin unlike —— that can happen more than once

A

Permanent
Exfoliative toxin
Folliculitis and impetigo

72
Q

Most important symptoms of TSS are:

A 
Low Bp
Fever
Rash on feet
Headache
Red eyes
73
Q

Presence of ——- can help detect if it’s staph aureus or not

A

Abscesses

74
Q

Acute glomerulonephritis is a ——– infection of ——-&——-

A

Post streptococcal infection

Skin and URT

75
Q

T or F

Glomerulonephritis is not immunopathological

A

False it’s

It’s not about cross reactivitiy

76
Q

Symptoms of glomerulonephritis

A

Hematuria

Proteinuria

77
Q

Streptolysin O is a ——-

A

Toxin destroys RBC and WBC

78
Q

Ludwig aschoff are nodules present on ——–

A

heart

79
Q

T or F

Non-suppurative migratory polyarthritis are nodule present only on skin

A

False

Skin and joints (polyarthritis)

Bacteriology (10 decks)

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