Bacterial Translation Flashcards
In bacteria transfer RNA molecules bind to -
rRNA
the anti-Shine-Dalgarno sequence
mRNA and amino acids
mRNA
mRNA and amino acids ✓
tRNA is characterised by having a -
poly A tail
poly T tail
ploy U tail
None of the above
None of the above ✓
Translation is terminated when-
Release factors are loaded on to the ribosome
The translation machinery encounters a stop codon
The ribosome dissociates from the mRNA
All of these occur during translation termination
All of these occur during translation termination ✓
Coupled transcription translation is an efficient system that enhances the speed of protein
production in eukaryotes
True
False
False ✓
In prokaryotes, translation begins when—
The small subunit of the ribosome binds to the first codon
The large subunit of the ribosome binds to the first codon
The small subunit of the ribosome binds to the promoter
The small subunit of the ribosome binds just upstream of the AUG in a region called
the ribosomal binding site
None of the above
The small subunit of the ribosome binds just upstream of the AUG in a region called
the ribosomal binding site ✓
Three codon sequences signal the termination point of a peptide. These are-
TAG, TGA, TAA
AAA, ATC, CCC
ATG, ATC, ATT
GCG, GTG, GAG
I do not know
TAG, TGA, TAA ✓
Uncharged tRNA molecules-
Bind to rRNA
Require activation by aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase
Binds to mRNA
Have a bound amino acid that will be delivered to the ribosomal small subunit
Require activation by aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase ✓
Secondary structure in proteins include-
Alpha helices and beta sheets
An antiparallel double helix
Beta sheets alone
Alpha helices alone
Alpha helices and beta sheets ✓
A codon is a group of -
Three RNA bases
Three amino acids
Three DNA bases
Three RNA bases or three DNA bases
Three RNA bases or three DNA bases ✓
In prokaryotes, the start codon for protein synthesis is-
AUG
GUA
UAG
GUA
I do not know
AUG ✓
The wobble effect means that -
A single tRNA may recognise several codons
A mutation in the 3 base of a codon may not cause a change in protein sequence
An organism may have fewer than 64 tRNA although there are 64 possible codons
None of these are consequences of the wobble effect
All of the above are consequences of the wobble effect
All of the above are consequences of the wobble effect ✓
Shine Dalgarno Sequence
Are located along the–
16S ribosomal RNA sequence
Are located along the prokaryotic mRNA
Are located along the eukaryotic mRNA and prokaryotic mRNA sequences
Are located along the eukaryotic mRNA
Are located along the prokaryotic mRNA ✓
Acetyl-acyl tRNA synthetase is an enzyme that—
Reverse transcribes RNA into DNA
Removes amino acids from tRNA and adds them to the growing polypeptide
Attaches amino acids to tRNAs
Synthesizes non-essential amino acids from essential amino acids
Attaches amino acids to tRNAs ✓
Which of the following statements about protein translation is not correct?—
The anticodon of the tRNA must recognise the codon on the mRNA exactly
The genetic code is read in triplets, also called codons
For the most part, the genetic code is considered universal
the enzyme, aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, is responsible for adding the amino acid to
the tRNA.
Because of the wobble effect, a tRNA for one amino acid often recognises multiple
codons int the mRNA
The anticodon of the tRNA must recognise the codon on the mRNA exactly ✓
Without having recognisable start codons, a molecule of mRNA could potentially have
One reading frame
Two reading frames
Three reading frames
Four reading frames
Three reading frames ✓
