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SS: Dermatology > Bacterial Infections: Impetigo, Erysipelas, Folliculitis, Cellulitis, Intertrigo > Flashcards

Bacterial Infections: Impetigo, Erysipelas, Folliculitis, Cellulitis, Intertrigo Flashcards

1
Q

Impetigo

A

Common acute superficial bacterial infection, characterised by pustules and honey-coloured crusted erosions, peak onset is summer, common in children

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2
Q

Causes of Impetigo

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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3
Q

Ecthyma

A

A type of Impetigo that form deeper erosions of the skin into the dermis beneath were ulcers form

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4
Q

Causes of Ecthyma

A

Streptococcus Pyogenes

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5
Q

Risk factors for Impetigo

A

Atopic Eczema, Scabies, Skin trauma e.g. chicken pox, Insect bite, wound, burn, dermatitis

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6
Q

Features of Impetigo

A

Exposed areas mainly affected i.e. face and hands, trunk, erineum, single or multiple, irritable superficial plaques, lymphadenopthy, mild fever and malaise

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7
Q

Types of Impetigo

A

Non-bullous, Ecthyma, Bullous

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8
Q

Non-bullous Impetigo

A

Staph/Strep invades minor trauma site
Starts as a pink macule to crusted eroisions
Resolves in 2-4 weeks without treatment

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9
Q

Ecthyma Impetigo

A

Caused by Streptococcus Pyogenes
Starts as non-bullous to punched-out necrotic ulcer
Slow healing, leaves scar

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10
Q

Bullous Impetigo

A

Staphy protiens infect skin by cleaving off epidermis
Starts as small vesicles to flaccid transparent bullae
Heals without scarring

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11
Q

Complications of Impetigo

A
  • Soft tissue infection e.g. cellulitis
  • Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (EMERGENCY)
  • Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
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12
Q

Diagnosis Impetigo

A

Bacterial Swabs for cnonfirmation

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13
Q

Treating Impetigo

A
  • Clean wound with aseptic, cover affected area
  • Oral antibiotics: flucloxacillin
  • Children to avoid school until crust dies
  • Anti-bacterial soap
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14
Q

Cellulitis and Erysipelas

A

Spreading of bacterial infection involving deep subcutaneous tissue.

Erysipelas is an acute, superficial form only involving dermis and upper subcutaneous tissue

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15
Q

Necrotising Fasciitis

A
  • Affects skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia and muscle
  • Oedema beyond erythema
  • More painful than cellulitis
  • Crepitus on palpation
  • Rapid progression
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16
Q

Causes of Cellulitis and Erysipelas

A

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus Pyogenes

17
Q

Risk factors for Cellulitis and Erysipelas

A

Fissure in toes and heels, venous disease, surgery, immunodeficiency, obesity, diabetes, pregnancy

18
Q

Features of Cellulitis and Erysipellas

A

Common in lower limbs, mostly unilateral, inflammatory signs, systemically unwell i.e. fever, malaise

19
Q

How is Erysipelas distinguished from Cellulitis

A

Well-define, red, raised border

20
Q

Complications of Cellulitis and Erysipelas

A

Local necrosis, abscess, septicaemia

21
Q

Diagnosing cellulitis and Erysipelas

A

Blood culture or wound swabs

22
Q

Antibiotics for Cellulitis and Ersipelas

A

Flucloxacillin, Benxylpenicillin

23
Q

Folliculitis

A

Group of skin conditions where hair follicles are inflamed. Acne is a type of Follicultis

24
Q

Causes of Folliculitis

A
  • Staphylococcus Aureus
  • Pseudomonal Aeruginosa ‘Spa Pool Folliculitis’
  • Viral: HSV, Herpes Zoster
  • Fungi: Candida, Tinea Capitis
  • Occlusion
  • Irritation
25
Q

Features of Folliculitis

A

Tender red spot, often with surface pustule. Superfical or deep. Anywhere with hair

26
Q

Types of Folliculitis

A

Acne Variants and Buttock Folliculitis

27
Q

Acne Variants

A

Acne vulgaris, Rosacae, Nodulocystic acne, scalp folliculitis

28
Q

Buttock Folliculitis

A

Usually bacterial, Common and non-specific, affects males and females equally

29
Q

Treating Follicuits

A

Bacterial: Tetracycline
Viral: Aciclovir
Fungal: Antifungal

30
Q

Intertrigo

A

Rash in flexures/body folds, may affect one or multiple sites, affects males and females of any age

31
Q

Risk factors for Intertrigo

A

Obesity, genetic tendency, hyperhidrosis

32
Q

Causes of Intertrigo

A
  • Flexural skin has high surface temp
  • Moisture is stopped from evaporating due to folds
  • Friction from movement of fold skin can cause chafing
  • Bacteria and/or yeast multiply in warm, moist settings
  • -
33
Q

Types of Intertrigo

A
  • Infectious: unilateral & asymmetrical
  • Inflammatory: bilateral, armpits, groin, under breasts and abdominal fold
    Acute, relapsing or chronic (>6 weeks)
34
Q

Complication of Intertrigo

A
  • Soft tissue infection
  • Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
  • Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
35
Q

Treatment for Intertrigo

A
  • Antiperspirant
  • Topical steroids: hydrocortisone
  • Calcineurin inhibitors e.g. tacrolimus

SS: Dermatology (12 decks)

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