Bacterial Infections

Question 1

Superficial skin infection; most common in children with poor hygeine, crowed living conditions, hot and humid climates

Answer 1

impetigo

Question 2

which microbes caused impetigo?

Answer 2

Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus

Question 3

Clinical presentation of _?: arises in areas of trauma, vesicles or bullae that rupture, leaving an amber or honey colored crust, pruritis and lymphadenopathy may be present

Answer 3

impetigo

Question 4

Answer 4

impetigo

Question 5

Patients with streptococcal tonsillitis and pharyngitis (strep throat) are at risk for _ or _ and _

Answer 5

scarlet fever, post-infectious rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis

Question 6

What condition/s commonly caused by A beta-hemolytic streptococci; also adenoviruses, enteroviruses, Epstein-Barr virus

Answer 6

streptococcal tonsillitis and pharyngitis (strep throat)

Question 7

Clinical presentation of _: sore throat, dysphagia, redness, tonsillar hyperplasia, exudate, fever, cervial lymphadenopathy

Answer 7

streptococcal tonsillitis

Question 8

Answer 8

streptococcal tonsillitis

Question 9

Appropriate therapy of streptococcal tonsillitis within _ days will prevent the development of rheumatic fever

Answer 9

9

Question 10

calcified structures that develop within tonsillar crypts; originate from a nidus of cellular and food debris, bacterial colonies

Answer 10

tonsillolithiasis

Question 11

Answer 11

tonsillolithiasis

Question 12

Answer 12

tonsillolithiasis

Question 13

Which spirochete causes syphilis?

Answer 13

Treponema pallidum

Question 14

Spread by intimate sexual contact, transplacental transmission, contaminated blood exposure; 3 stages (primary, secondary, tertiary); congenital

Answer 14

syphilis

Question 15

Latent phase (1-30 yrs) of syphilis occurs between _ and _ phases

Answer 15

secondary and tertiary

Question 16

Which phase of syphilis?: relatively painless ulceration- chancre, 2-3 weeks after exposure, most are genital (5% are oral), resolves in 3-8 weeks

Answer 16

primary

Question 17

which phase of syphilis?

Answer 17

primary

Question 18

which phase of syphilis?: erythematous maculopapular cutaneous eruption, mucous patches of oral mucosa, fever, malaise, headache, musculoskeletal pain

Answer 18

secondary

Question 19

Associated with secondary phase of syphilis

Answer 19

condylomata lata

Question 20

Widespread disease seen in secondary syphilis in the immunocompromised; prodrome of fever, headache, myalgia, necrotic ulcerations of the skin and oral cavity, malaise, pain, arthralgia

Answer 20

lues maligna

Question 21

which phase of syphilis?: gumma formation, leutic glossitis, may affect any tissue, palatal perforation, aneurysm of the ascending aorta, neurosyphilis (psychosis, dementia, death)

Answer 21

tertiary

Question 22

associated with tertiary syphilis

Answer 22

leutic glossitis

Question 23

Hutchinson’s triad, saddle-nose deformity, saber shins

Answer 23

congenital syphilis

Question 24

Hutchinson’s triad?

Answer 24

incisors and molars malformed, interstitial keratitis, eighth nerve deafness

Question 25

associated with congenital syphilis

Answer 25

hutchinson's incisors

Question 26

associated with congenital syphilis

Answer 26

mulberry molars

Question 27

associated with congenital syphilis

Answer 27

saddle-nose deformity

Question 28

spirochete (syphilis) seen in _ stain

Answer 28

Warthin-Starry

Question 29

Diagnosis of syphilis: screening tests are _ and \_; specific antibody tests are _ and \_

Answer 29

VDRL and RPR FTA-ABS and TPHA

Question 30

which microbe is responsible for TB

Answer 30

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 31

droplet transmission; resurged in 1980, with subsequent decline since 1993 due to greater emphasis on control and prevention

Answer 31

TB

Question 32

Primary TB; combination of lymph node involvement and primary lesion of lung

Answer 32

Ghon complex

Question 33

\_ TB: with active disease (\<5%), low grade fever, night sweats, fatigue

Answer 33

secondary

Question 34

Lupus vulgaris; weight loss ("consumption"), chronic bloody cough, chest pain, scrofula

Answer 34

TB

Question 35

\_ TB: widely disseminated

Answer 35

miliary

Question 36

associated with \_

Answer 36

TB

Question 37

Oral lesions of \_: rather rare, solitary painless ulcerations; most common on tongue, hematogenous spread or direct implantation

Answer 37

TB

Question 38

netrotized granulomatous inflammation; multinucleated giant cells; demonstrated by acid-fast method

Answer 38

TB

Question 39

TB treatment often combo of antibiotics including: \_, \_, _ and \_

Answer 39

isoniazied, streptomycin, rifampin, ethambutol

Question 40

associated with local traumal; abdominal, thoracic, cervicofacial sites; clinical features: may follow dental extraction or untreated dental disease, diffuse swelling and erythema, draining sinus tracts, "sulfur granules"

Answer 40

actinomycosis

Question 41

filamentous bacteria froming colonies; bacterial colonies surrounded by neutrophils; adjacent tissue may show fibrosis or granulation tissure

Answer 41

actinomycosis

Question 42

Answer 42

actinomycosis

Question 43

Treatment of Actino: typically _ to _ weeks (up to _ months in severs cases) of PCN

Answer 43

5 to 6; 12

Question 44

Cat scratch disease caused by \_

Answer 44

Bartonella henselae

Question 45

22,000 cases annually in US (most common cause of chronic regional lymphadenopathy in children; male predilection, \<21 yrs of age; erythematous papule at site; followed by tender lymphadenopathy; fever, malaise and fatigue

Answer 45

Cat Scratch

Question 46

stellate areas of necrosis surrounded by a band of histiocytes and neutrophils; localized to lymph nodes; staing with Warthin-Starry stain shows pleomorphic bacillus

Answer 46

Cat Scratch

Question 47

\_ antibody test for cat scratch

Answer 47

fluorescent

Question 48

common infectino secondary to breakdown in the normal scretion elimination system; predisposing factors: typically upper viral respiratory infection

Answer 48

sinusitis

Question 49

microbes assoicated with sinusitis:

Answer 49

Strep. pneumoniae; H. influenzae

Question 50

headache, fever, facial pain, malaise, nasal discharge, may mimic toothache

Answer 50

acute sinusitis

Question 51

symptoms longer than 3 months, possible pain, pressure, cloudy density to radiograph

Answer 51

chronic sinusitis

Question 52

Answer 52

chronic sinusitis