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A-CNS MICRO > Bacterial and Fungal meningitis > Flashcards

Bacterial and Fungal meningitis Flashcards

1
Q

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
وكفي بالله وليا وكفي بالله نصيرا
______________________
S.aglactiae is one of the group ,,,,,, hemolytic streproccoi
Catalas ….. gram ……cocci
Virulence factor is ?

A

B BETA
catalse - gram +
Virulence factor ?
Polysaccaride capsule

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2
Q

Pathogenisis of diseases of S,aglactae?

A

It is commensal inermittenr in the vagina of some famels
Acuired by neonates from bith canal casuing :
Nenotatl sepsis
Neontalal menigits
Neonatal Pnemonia
____________________________

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3
Q

Predisponsig factors for streptococci infections in neonates?

A

P2rolonged
Prolonged labor >18 h
Premature labour
Ruptured membreane
Fever at time of labour

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4
Q

Laboratory diagnosis of the S,aglaticae

A

Samples from CSF and blood
__________________
direct smear gram + cocci in chains
_____________________________
Cultured in blood agar
B hemolytic complete hemolysis

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5
Q

Special tests for S.aglactiae ?

A

CAMP test with staphs
Hippurate hydrolysis test

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6
Q

CAMP test show

A

Special for S.aglagtiace
there is al ine of staphs then you put a prepdndicular line of the suspected organism
if S.alagticae an arrow of hemolysis formed towardsd the line of staphs

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7
Q

Hppurate hydolysis test

A

Special for s,aglactiae
Hydolsing hippurate converting its color into violet

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8
Q

How to prevent s.aglatiae infections

A

Screening women pregnant at 35-37 weeks for S.agalctiae by doing vaginal and Rectal cultures if + Pencillin G must be adminsterd at time of deleviery
_____________________________
Women with Prorlonged labor and premature labor and fever during labor and invasice GBS s.aglacitae befors must also be given Pencillin G

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9
Q

Mention diseases caused by listera monocyogens

A

Spesis and meningitsi in new born , pregannt women , immunocomprised adults
__________________________
Febrile gastroenterirtis

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10
Q

Imp propertis of listeria :
Shor non spore forming gram …..bacilli
In ,,,,,,,And,,,,and,,,,and,,,, trasmitted to humans by contat with,,,,,,,,or theri ,,,,,
Human listrosis is cassued by ,,,,,,,as ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(,,,,,,orl,,,,,,,)
an unsual Tumbiling movment at ,,,, not,,,,

A

gram + bacilli
___________
Git of animals , plants . water and soil
__________________________-
animals and theri feces
——————–
listera monocytogens as zoontoic ( sproadic or small epidemic)
22 NOT 37

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11
Q

Type of movement of listera monocyotgens and at which temp appera?

A

Tumbling movment
at 22 not 37

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12
Q

Both streptococci and listrea casue b ehmolysis how to differentiate ?

A

by catalase !
Listera of narrow b hemolysis is catalase +
while Streptococci of wide beta hemolysis of catalase -

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13
Q

Cold enhcnement mean in listeria ?

A

Can relicate in refergated food

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14
Q

The most imp virulence factor for listeria ?

A

Facultative intracellular parasite
can live inside?
Epithelial
Macrohpages
parenchymal cells

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15
Q

Modes of transmisson of listeria monocytogene

A

=By unpastuirized milk ,raw meat and vegetables
=Neonate through Tansplacental or During labour
=Contact with domestsic farm animals and their feces
it is food borne dieseas\

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16
Q

Describe pathogenisis of listeria

A

It colonized in colon and then to Female genital tract from which can invade neonate transplacental if membranes ruptured or during birth
during birth the neonate acquire meningitis and the pathogen reach meninges through blood stream .
It depends on ? The ability to invade and facultative intraculluar survival

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17
Q

Mention virulence factor of listeria

A

-Facultative intracellular parasite !
Hemolysin (listerolysin O)
making it able to escape from vacuoles of phagmosomes and contiues repulicating insde cytoplasm of the cell.
-

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18
Q

C/P of nenontal disease

A

Early onset disease if tranplacental may cause granulomatous infantiseptica That leads to abscess + granulomas in multiple organ then death
_____________________________
late onset during leaving birth canal
may cause Meningitis or menigio encephalitis with speis 2-3 weeks
_____________________________
addition : in immmunocomprised and elderly
Meningits endocarditis speis

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19
Q

Mention one of the leading causes of bacteral meningits in patients with cancer and renal transplants recepients ?

A

Listeria monocytogens

20
Q

Listeria is
=intacelluar gram …. rods that occur singlt or in pairs resembling……..
=MOtiel tumbling movment to be differentiated from ,,,,,,
=small grey colonies iwth narrow zone of B hemolysis on blood agar so differentiaed from streptococci by ?

A

Gram + Diptheriodis
coynebactria
________________
Catalse test

21
Q

Prevention of listeria

A

no immunization
limiting the eposure of pregnants to
Animals
unpasturized milk
raw meat and vegetables

22
Q

Cryptococcal meningitis is caued by ?

A

Cryptococcus neformans
_________________________
Espeically in AIDS patients
_____________________
IT IS divded into 5 serological types ABCD AD according to ? capsular antigen

23
Q

Mode of transmisson

A

Inhalation of the organism from the soil contaitng bird droppings no human to human transmission

24
Q

Pathogenisis of cryptococcal menigits

A

The inhhlation of the cryptococcus neforamns leading to its phagocytosis in lungs being asymptomatic or Causing Lobar pnemonia then hematogenous spread to the CNS and meiniges Causing menigitis
The ability to produce melanin aids it to evade phagocytic killing

25
Q

C/P crytpococcal neforamns infection

A

often asymotomatc but there is anothr word in case of AIDS
CASUING lobar nepmina and hematogenous spread to meingis casusing cryptococcal meninigits
________________
Subcuatnous nodules may be disseminated

26
Q

Lab diagnosis ?

A

=INdian ink stained smear
=or sabourad dextorse agar with mucoid colonies
=Laboratory diagnosis by capsular antigen latex agglutination test in CSF as highly sensitie and specific test

27
Q

Asperigllius is opportunistic fungus most common species is Aspergillus ,,,,,,,,,
It is ,,,,, and,,,,,,, found on ……and…… and gorws as molds on ………..
IT has,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,hyphae and produces sopres on tips of long ………

A

Fumigatus
saprhopytic opportunistic
soil ,plant
as molds on decaying vegetables
Bracnhcing septatae
Condiophores

28
Q

Aspergillus is inhaled then Hematogenous to CNS cAUSING ?

A

mENIGITS cerbtiris and abscess in brain
Aspergiulls can invade blood vessels casuing nercrosis + polymorph nuclear infiltration csauing mycotic aneyrsum and ruptured casing subarachanoid Hge

29
Q

Subarachanoid Hge appear in ?
why?

A

Asperigillis due to affecting blood vessels casuing necrosis + Polymorphnucelar infilation casuing mycotic aneyrusms and rupture casuning Hge

30
Q

Risk factors for aspergillus infecion ??

A

Immunocompression
Neutropenia nd corticosteriods
Organ transplant recepients
Oncological
Hematological
AIDS
Patients

31
Q

Pathogenis of aspergilis

A

enter by inhalation then heamtogenous spread to brain and meninges OR
direct extenrsion from mastoid paranasl sinus and ears to CNS
______________________________
mYCO toxins has :
Ceullar killing effect killing astrocyte microglia and neurons
Antiphagoccytin

32
Q

Mycotoxins of aspegillus cause?

A

Ceullar killing killing Astrocytes microglia and neuron
Antiphagocytic effect
________________
hemipareiss dyarthria

33
Q

KOH show ? in aspergilis

A

Branching Septate hyphae

34
Q

Calcflour stain is

A

Fluorecne micrpscopc test for aspergillis stainign chitin in cell wall of fungi

35
Q

Isolation of aspetgillus cc ?

A

most media
romm temp
fluffy white to blue green colony

36
Q

ANTIGEN DETECED IN ASPETILLUS

A

GALACTOMANAN

37
Q

aSPERIGULLUS TREATMETN

A

Variconazloe
Resection to cerebral lesions

38
Q

Mucor and Rhizpous specis
are saprohytics found
on Soil , air ,and decaying vegetables
in tropics
__________________________________
The major clincal form is ?

A

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis

39
Q

Mucor and Rhizpous specis
are saprohytics found
on Soil , air ,and decaying vegetables
in tropics
__________________________________
The major clincal form is ?

A

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis
other less common formes ?
Cutanuous pulmnary disseaminated
gastrointestinal
occure in patinets with:
Metabolic acidoisa: DKA
HEMATOLOGICAL malignancies

40
Q

Acute invasine infrection of Paranasla sinus , orbit and nasal cavity involoving facial structures extending to CNS brain and meninges ?

A

Rhinocerebral mucromycosis

41
Q

Pathogenisi of Rhinocerebral mucormycosis describe

A

Inhalations of spores then heamtogenous spread to blood vessles of Nasal paranasal orbital and brain blood vessels the fungal aseptate hyphae invade casuing thrombosis and infarction !
____________________
Preoribtal edema diplopia loss if vision
decreased mental function

42
Q

KOH and calcoflour revelas white aspetate hyphae in?

A

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis

43
Q

Isolatin of mucor and rhizopus growing rapidly on lab media producitng ?

A

Abundant cottony colonies

44
Q

Isolatin of mucor and rhizopus growing rapidly on lab media producitng ?

A

Abundant cottony colonies

45
Q

Treatment of mucor and rhizpus infextion

A

Amphotercin B
رغم عن انفه
rECECTION

46
Q

وقال الحمد لله الذي فضلنا علي كثير من عباده المؤمنين

A

A-CNS MICRO (7 decks)

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