BACTERIA CULTURE

Question 1

nutritional needs classification:

Answer 1

• fastidious
• nonfastidious

Question 2

Identification schemes can be classified into one of two categories:

those based on ___________ characteristics of bacteria and those based on __________ characteristics.

Answer 2

genotypic, phenotypic

Question 3

all bacterial cells within a single colony are the same genus and species, having identical genetic and phenotypic characteristics

Answer 3

pure colony

Question 4

[types of culture media]

supports the growth of most nonfastidious microbes

Answer 4

nonselective media

Question 5

[types of culture media]

___________ is selective for gram-positive organisms

Answer 5

Columbia agar with colistin nalidixic acid (CNA)

Question 6

three (3) common backup broths

Answer 6

• thioglycollate broth (thio)
• brain-heart infusion broth (BHIB)
• tryptic soy broth (TSB)

Question 7

[solid medium]

melting at high temperatures ______ but resolidifying after the temperature fall below ______

Answer 7

95 degrees C, 50 degrees C

Question 8

[types of culture media]

the standard nonselective medium

Answer 8

sheep blood agar

Question 9

grow throughout the medium, because they are unaffected by the variation in oxygen content

Answer 9

facultative anaerobes & aerotolerant organisms

Question 10

solidifying agent added to the nutrients and water

Answer 10

solid medium

Question 11

[types of culture media]

• contains the dye crystal violet, which inhibits gram-positive organisms

Answer 11

MacConkey agar

Question 12

[types of culture media]

used as a supplement to agar plates to detect small numbers of most aerobes, anaerobes, and microaerophiles

Answer 12

broth media / supplemental broth

Question 13

[types of culture media]

support the growth of one group of organisms but not another by adding antimicrobials, dyes, or alcohol to a particular medium

Answer 13

selective media

Question 14

refers to the percentage of patients without disease that will test negative for the presence of the organism

Answer 14

specificity

Question 15

[types of culture media]

differentiates between lactose-fermenting and nonfermenting gram-negative rods by the color of the colonial growth

Answer 15

MacConkey agar

Question 16

[types of culture media]

_________ is a liquid medium designed to encourage the growth of small numbers of a particular organism while suppressing other flora present

Answer 16

enrichment broth

Question 17

________ broth contains a small amount of agar, making it a semisolid medium

Answer 17

thioglycollate

Question 18

grow slightly below the surface where oxygen concentrations are lower than atmospheric concentrations

Answer 18

microaerophilic organisms

Question 19

some broths may contain a ________, such as _________ that may change the color in the presence of bacterial metabolites

Answer 19

pH indicator, phenol red

Question 20

Certain schemes rely on both _________ and _________ characteristics

Answer 20

genotypic, phenotypic

Question 21

[types of culture media]

_____________ can also be differential media if, in addition to their inhibitory activity, they differentiate between groups of organisms.

Answer 21

selective media

Question 22

[types of culture media]

• considered both a nutritive and differential medium
• it differentiates organisms based on whether they are alpha (a)-, beta (b)-, or gamma (g) hemolytic

Answer 22

blood agar

Question 23

[types of culture media]

____________ is selective for enteric gram-negative bacilli

Answer 23

MacConkey agar

Question 24

[types of culture media]

Nutritive media can also be ___________, in that microorganisms can be distinguished on the basis of certain growth characteristics evident on the medium

Answer 24

differential

Question 25

[types of culture media] support the growth of a wide range of microorganisms and are considered nonselective because, theoretically, the growth of most organisms is supported

Answer 25

nutritive media

Question 26

two (2) types of selective media

Answer 26

- MacConkey agar - Columbia agar w/ colistin and nalidixic acid (CNA)

Question 27

nutrients are dissolved in water

Answer 27

broth media

Question 28

indicates the percentage of patients in whom the organism is present who actually test positive

Answer 28

sensitivity

Question 29

example of nutritive media

Answer 29

blood agar or chocolate agar

Question 30

stable solid gel referred to as ______

Answer 30

agar

Question 31

[types of culture media] support the growth of one type / group of microbes but not another

Answer 31

selective media

Question 32

medium that contain both liquid and solid phase

Answer 32

biphasic medium

Question 33

an example of a supplemental broth

Answer 33

thioglycollate broth

Question 34

a characteristic odor of an organism having a fruity or grapelike smell

Answer 34

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 35

the presence of a specific gene or a particular nucleic acid sequence unique to the organism is interpreted as a ______________________

Answer 35

definitive identification of the organism

Question 36

an example of an enriched medium

Answer 36

chocolate agar

Question 37

[types of culture media] medium for gram-positive organisms, because the antimicrobial CNA inhibits gram-negative organisms

Answer 37

Columbia agar w/ colistin and nalidixic acid

Question 38

[types of culture media] incubated for a certain period and then must be subcultured to isolate the particular organism.

Answer 38

enrichment broth

Question 39

[types of culture media] inoculated, along with primary solid (agar) media, so small numbers of organisms present may be detected this allows detection of anaerobes in aerobic cultures and organisms that may be damaged by either previous or concurrent antimicrobial therapy

Answer 39

backup broth

Question 40

most common solidifying agent

Answer 40

agarose

Question 41

[types of culture media] _________ may contain inhibitory substances such as antimicrobials, dyes, or alcohol

Answer 41

selective media

Question 42

[types of culture media] contain growth enhancers that are added to nonselective agar to allow fastidious organisms to flourish

Answer 42

enriched media

Question 43

two (2) phases of growth media

Answer 43

- broth (liquid) - agar (solid)

Question 44

____________ will grow at the bottom of the broth tube, whereas _________ will grow near the surface

Answer 44

strict anaerobes, aerobes

Question 45

[types of culture media] ___________ allow grouping of microbes based on different characteristics demonstrated on the medium

Answer 45

differential media

Question 46

process of growing microorganisms in culture by taking bacteria from the infection site by some means of specimen collection and growing them in the artificial environment of the laboratory

Answer 46

cultivation

Question 47

[types of culture media] used to enhance the growth of group B streptococci

Answer 47

Lim broth (Todd Hewitt with CNA)

Question 48

_______________ involve characterization of some portion of a bacterium’s genome using molecular methods for DNA or RNA analysis

Answer 48

genotypic identification methods

Question 49

[types of culture media] _________ also called as supplemental or enrichment broth

Answer 49

backup broth