Bacteria: Basics (What each does/key points)

Question 1

E. coli

Answer 1

grows on MacConkey + ferments lactose

UTI, bacteremia, neonatal meningitis

**normally found in our GI tract

Question 2

Shigella

Answer 2

grows on MacConkey + doesnt’ ferment lactose

not normally found on/in humans unless infection —— dysentery (intestine infection —- diarrhea)

Question 3

Salmonella

Answer 3

grows on MacConkey + doesnt’ ferment lactose

intracellular pathogen that is normally not found in humans

infections - gastroenteritis, other Gi diseases

Question 4

Acinetobacter

Answer 4

Coccobacilli

Grow on MacConkey

Commensal: aka normally don’t harm us but sometime nosocomial infections

Found in soil, water and hospitals

Question 5

Pseud. aeguinosa

Answer 5

Makes pigments- pyocyanin

Grows in MacConkey but doesn’t ferment lactose

Opportunistic pathogen found on our skin

Question 6

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 6

Coccobacillus/rods

found in URT
Doesn’t grow on blood or MacConkey

Infections: ear infections, meningitis, pneumonia

Question 7

Haemophilus ducreyi

Answer 7

Doesn’t grow on MacConkey or blood

Causes chancroid (STD)

Question 8

Legionella pneumophila

Answer 8

Needs Fe and Cysteine supplementation to survive

Bacilli

Doesn’t grow on blood or MacConkey

Found in water and are intracellular pathogens

can cause outbreaks in hospitals but doesn’t pass via person to person transmission

Question 9

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 9

Cocci

Doesn’t grow on blood or MacConkey

obligate pathogen that causes STD

Question 10

Neisseria meningitidis

Answer 10

Cocci; doesn’t grow on blood or MacConkey

can cause meningitis but some people can carry and be asymptomatic

Question 11

Moraxella catarrhalis

Answer 11

diplococci

Doesnt’ grow on MacConkey

normally found in URT

Disease: RTI, ear infection , sinusitis

Question 12

S. aureus

Answer 12

normally found in nose, throat and skin

very virulent —- TSS, food poisoning, impetigo , endocarditis

grape like clusters

Question 13

S. epidermidis

Answer 13

Opportunistic pathogen
Grape like clusters
Found on hospital equipment + skin

Question 14

S. saprophyticus

Answer 14

UTI

Question 15

Strep. pyogenes

Answer 15

Not normal flora

Strep throat, cellulitis, impetigo, flesh eating bacteria

Question 16

Strep. agalactiae

Answer 16

Neonatal infections

can normally find in genitourinary tract

Question 17

Enterococci

Answer 17

Has a lot of antibiotic resistance

normally found in Gi tract

Disease: UTI or abdominal infection in hospital/ nosocomial

Question 18

Strep. pneumoniae

Answer 18

Lancet shaped

normally in URT

Diseases: bacteremia, pneumonia , ear infections

Question 19

Viridans streptococcus

Answer 19

opportunistic/low virulence

found normally in mouth and vag

Question 20

Listeria monocytogenes

Answer 20

Coccobacilli

can survive in low temp

Normally found in decaying animal and plant stuff
— disease in us if accidentally take in

no spores

Question 21

Corynebacterium

Answer 21

Bacilli , no spores

low virulence except for C.diptheria (there is a vaccine for it)

Question 22

Lactobacillus

Answer 22

no spores

in vag for pH

Question 23

Bacillus anthracis

Answer 23

spore forming

found in herbivores (causes diseases in them)

Question 24

Bacillus cereus

Answer 24

spore forming

found in herbivores (causes disease in them)

—- can cause food poisoning in us

Question 25

Clostridium

Answer 25

Spore forming

found in soil or in animal GI tract

Question 26

T or F: All staph are catalase -

Answer 26

F- catalase +

Question 27

Beside streptococcus, what other gram + bacteria are catalase -

Answer 27

Clostridium
Lactobacillus