Bacteria Flashcards
bacteria
Sta. aureus
Gram + cocci in groups
Wound infections, boil (steenpuist), sepsis
Peptidoglycan, coagulase (break fibrin fibers, disturbing migration of leukocytes), protein A (decreasing opsonization), 10 % produce superantigens (necrosis & inflammation)
Culture, gram stain
Sta. epidermis
Gram + cocci in groups, coagulase -
Infections of catheters
Biofilm (adhesion)
Culture, gram stain
Str. pyogenes
Gram + cocci in chains
Tonsilitis, scarlet fever, erysipelas (wondroos), otitis media, sepsis, STSS (streptococcal toxi syndrome)
Peptidoglycan, pilli, toxins
Beta hemolytic, gram +, catalase -
Str. pneumoniae
Gram + diplococci, capsulated
Pneumonia starting with fever and chills, otitis media, meningitis
Pore-forming toxin, capsule
A-hemolytic, gram, culture
Haemophilus influenzae
Gram negative rod, capuslated
Bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis media, invasive: cellulitis
Pili, capsule
Blood culture
Myobacterium tuberculosis
Acid fast staining
Tuberculosis, dyspneu, sweating at night
Granulomas, necrosis, peptidoglycan
Acid fast stain, culture, tuberculin test
Neisseria meningitidis
Gram negative cocci, capsulated
Meningitis
Endotoxin (LPS, LOS), antigenic variation, pilli, porins
CSF fram smeurs, culture, biopt
Neisseria gonorrhoea
Gram negative cocci
Urethritis, pain and purulent discharge
Pilli, LPS, LOS
Direct graim smear (men), culture, DNA amplification methods
Escherichia coli
Gram negative rod
Urinary tract infection, cystitis in women
LPS, capsule, pore-froming cytotoxin
Culture
Salmonella
Intracellular
Intestinal infection, typhoid fever, food poisoning
LPS, enterotoxins, pilli
Stool and blood culture
Vibrio cholerae
Gram negative curved rod
Cholera, dehydration
LPS, cholera toxin, pilli, glagella
Stool culture
Camylobacter jejuni
Gram negative curved rod
Intestinal infection, diarrhea with blood and pus
Flagella
incubation on selective medium
Clostridium Tetani
Gram positive rod
Muscle spasms after a wound
Spores
Not needed to do test
Clostridium difficile
Gram positive rod
Antibiotic associated diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis
Spores, toxins
Toxins in stool, culture
Borrelia burgorferi
Spirochete
Lyme disease
peptidoglycan, interference with complement deposition
Serology
Treponema pallidum
Gram negative spirochete
Syfilis: painless ulcer, fever and generalized rash, chronic meningitis
Granulomas
Dark field microscopy, serology
Myoplasma pneuomniae
No cell wal, membrane contains sterols
Pneumonia in younger persons
P1 protein for adherence, interferes with ciliary action
Serology
Chlamydia trachomatis
Intracellular, no peptidoglycan layer
Urethritis
LPS, development of fibrosis
LCR, PCR
Coxiella burnetti
Intracellular
Q-fever: headache and vever
LPS
Serology
Legionella pneumophila
Gram negative rod (IC)
Pneumonia marked by headache, fever, chills, dry cough and chest pain
LPS, flagella
PCR
