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Finals anatomy and physiology > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

what colour is gram positive vs negative

A

positive = purple - stay positive, stay purple!
negative = pink

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2
Q

name gram positive cocci

A

staphylococci

streptococci

including enterococci

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3
Q

name gram negative cocci

A

neisseria meningitidis

neisseria gonorrhoeae

moxarella catarrhalis

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4
Q

name gram positive bacilli

A

ABCDL

Actinomyces
Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)
Clostridium
Diptheria (corynebacterium diptheriae)
Listeria monocytogenes

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5
Q

name gram negative bacilli

A

Everything else

E.coli
Haemophilus influenzae
Pseudomonas aerginosa
Salnmonella
Shigella
Campylobacter jejuni (curved shape)
Vibro cholerae

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6
Q

how to differentiate between streptococci?

A

a/b/y hemolysis of blood Agar

A= partial so green
strep pneumoniae
Strep Viridiana

B= complete haemolysis so clear
Lancefield group ABCDG

A- strep progenies
B- agaltiate
C-
D- strep galcolycticus and enterococci
G-

Y= no hameolysis
strep milleri

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7
Q

How to differentiate staph aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci?

A

S.aureus is gold on colonies on blood agar
S.aureus is coagulase test positive = clot

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8
Q

Name a coagulase-negative staphylococci

A

Staph epidermidis

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9
Q

What organisms are lactose fermenting? How can you tell

A

E.coli
Staphylococcus saprophyticus

CLED - yellow colonies
Macockney = pink

yellow and pink

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10
Q

What organisms are non-lactose fermenting? How can you tell?

A

Pseudomonas
Shigella
Salmonella

CLED - blue colonies
MacCockney - yellow/colourless

blue and yellow

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11
Q

How can you tell the difference between salmonella and shigella?

A

XLD agar (red plate)
Salmonella = yellow then pink then black centres
Shigella = remain pink/red

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12
Q

What shape is campylobacter jejuni?

A

curved rod

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13
Q

what class of abx is goof for CNS infections

A

cephalosporin beta lactams eg ceftriaxone/cefotaxime = They have very good CNS penetration that are active against gram positive cocci. They have a broader spectrum than some of the penicillins making them suitable before the organism’s identify and antibiotic sensitivity profile is determined.

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14
Q

what abx are needed if listeria is suspected in a CNS infection

A

Amoxicillin +/- gentamicin
Listeria is not susceptible to cephalosporins

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15
Q

UTI bacterial causes

A

E.coli
Proteus mirabilis
Klebsiella spp.
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Enterococci

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16
Q

bacterial causes intra-abdo infections

A

gram negative bacteria

enterococci (gram positive kind of in strep group)

anaerobic bacteria

17
Q

bacteria causing endocarditis, related to bowel cancer

A

strep gallolyticus (aka strep bovis)

18
Q

what bacteria causes cholera? what gram etc?

A

Vibro cholerae

Gram negative bacteria

Finals anatomy and physiology (11 decks)

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