bacteria 1 Flashcards
what is taxonomy
principles of classification
what is the hierarchic scale order
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what is binomial nomenclature
- scientific name
- genus - capital letter beginning
- species - lower case letter beginning
what has defined the 3 domains
comparative rRNA sequencing
what are the 3 domains
- bacteria
- archaea
- eukarya
what caused the bubonic plague
yersenia pestis
what is cell morphology
cell shape
what are the bacteria with unusual shapes
- spirochetes
- appendaged bacteria
- filamentous bacteria
what is the structure of bacteria
- much simpler than eukaryotes
- cell membrane
- circular DNA
- plasmids
- mesosome
- capsule
- fimbriae, pili and flangella
- cell wall
what is the cell wall of bacteria made from
peptidoglycan - provides strength to cell wall
what is a gram positive cell wall
contain 90% peptidoglycan
common to have teichoic acids embedded
lipoteichoic acids covalently bind to membrane lipids
- shows as purple
what is a gram negative cell wall
- 10% peptidoglycan
- most of cell wall composed of outer membrane
- shows as pink
why do gram positive bacteria appear purple
purple crystal violet stain is trapped in by layer of peptidoglycan
why do gram negative bacteria appear pink
lipopolysaccharides on the outer membrane prevent stain from reaching peptidoglycan layer
