Bacte (immunity) 2 Flashcards
Frequency of Occurrence of a Disease
sporadic, endemic, epidemic, pandemic
ENDEMIC
Constantly present
SPORADIC
Occurs occasionally
EPIDEMIC
Many people in a given area acquire a certain disease in a relatively short period of time
Occurs worldwide
PANDEMIC
Severity or Duration of a Disease
ACUTE
chronic
subacute
latent
LATENT
Causative agent remains inactive for a time then becomes active
subacute
Intermediate between acute and chronic
chronic
Develops more slowly
Body’s reaction is less severe
Continual/recurrent for long periods of time
ACUTE
Develops rapidly but lasts only a short time
blood poisoning
Septicemia
presence of bacteria in the blood
Bacteremia
presence of toxins in the blood (tetanus)
Toxemia
presence of viruses in the blood
Viremia –
Extent of Host Involvement
local
systemic/generalized
focal
sepsis
Invading pathogens are limited to a relatively small area
local
Pathogens or their products are spread throughout the body by the blood or lymph
systemic/generalized
When local infection enter s a blood/lymphatic vessel and spread to other specific parts, where they may be confined to specific areas of the body
focal
Toxic inflammatory condition arising from the spread of microbes or toxins from a focus of infection
sepsis
State of Host Resistance also determines the extent of infection:
Primary Infection
Secondary Infection
Subclinical/
Inapparent Infection
PATTERNS OF A DISEASE
Reservoir of infection
Transmission
Invasion
Pathogenesis
source of pathogens for an infectious disease to occur
Reservoir of Infection
pathogen is transferred from the reservoir to a susceptible host
Transmission
the pathogen enters the host and multiplies
Invasion
pathogen injures the host
Pathogenesis
