Back Myology Flashcards
Unipenate muscles
Tendon on one side, muscle on the other side
Bipennate muscles
Muscle on either side of a tendon
Multipennate muscle
Multiple feathered muscle groups
Bicipital muscles
Muscles with two heads
Tricipital muscles
Muscles with three heads
Quadracipital muscles
Muscles with four heads
Digastric muscles
Muscles with two bellies
Multiventral muscles
Muscles broke up by a tendon
Multicaudal muscles
Muscles with multiple tendons
Serrated muscles
Muscles with a serrated edge
Circular or sphincteral muscles
Muscles surrounding an opening
Quadrate muscles
Equal sided muscles
Agonist
Skeletal muscles that activate a specific movement in the body
Antagonist
Skeletal muscles that oppose the action of the agonist muscle
Synergistic muscles
Skeletal muscles that complement the action of the agonist and prevent the movement of an intervening joint when the agonist passes more than one joint
Fixator muscles
Skeletal muscles that stabilize the joints, or the proximal part of the joint while the distal portion is in motion
Fusiform muscles
- what are they
- 3 types
Spindle shaped with thick central region and tapered ends
- bicipital
- tricipital
- quadracipital
Pennate muscles
- what are they
- 3 types
Feather like muscles
- unipennate
- bipennate
- multipennate
What muscles are in first layer of back muscle
Extrinsic/intrinsic
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Extrinsic
What muscles are in layer 2 of back muscle
Extrinsic/intrinsic
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Levator scapulae
Extrinsic
What muscles are in layer 3 of back muscle
Extrinsic/intrinsic
Serratus posterior superior
Serratus posterior inferior
Extrinsic
What muscles are in layer 4 of back muscle
Extrinsic/intrinsic
Splenius capitis
Splenius cervicis
Intrinsic
What muscles are in layer 5 of back muscle
Extrinsic/intrinsic
Erector spinae muscles:
- iliocostalis lumborum, thoracis, cervicis
- longissimus thoracis, cervicis, capitis
- spinalis thoracis, cervicis, capitis
Intrinsic
What muscles are in layer 6 of back muscle
Extrinsic/intrinsic
Traversospinalis muscles:
- semispinalis thoracis, cervicis, capitis
- multifidus
- rotatores longus
- rotatores brevis
Intrinsic
4 suboccipital muscles
Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Obliquus capitis inferior
Obliquus capitis superior
What 4 muscles make up the rotator cuff
Subscapularis
Supraspinatous
Infraspinatous
Teres minor
Purpose of the extrinsic muscles
Connect vertebral column with the pectoral girdle and the humerus; act to move the upper extremities
Purpose of the intrinsic back muscles
Act to maintain posture and control movements of the vertebral column
