Back Flashcards
What is “gibbous deformity”?
kyphosis, associated with tuberculosis
where does herpres zoster lie dormant?
DRG
At what level should a lumbar puncture be done?
L4-L5
What level does the spinal cord end?
L1-L2
What level does the dural sac (lumbar cistern) end?
S2
What do sympathetic autonomics primarily do?
vasoconstriction
where do the denticulate ligaments terminate? what is there function?
L2 with the conus medullar is
keep spinal cord midline
How do you know if you get a failed lumbar puncture (blast through Posterior longitudinal l.)?
hematopoietic cells are aspirated
what is spondolysis?
“facet jumping” anterior displacement of one or more vertebrae
what blood plexus surrounds the dura mater in the epidural space?
the internal vertebral plexus (of Batson) = valveless! VEIN
what is the cause of a subarachnoid bleed?
ruptured intercerebral aneurism
what is the cause of a subdural hematoma?
venous bleed from the torn cerebral vein as it enter the superior saggital venous sinus within the skull
What blood vessel supplies the deep back muscles?
posterior intercostal a.
what does somatic afferent fibers convey?
localized pain
What is Klippel-Feil syndrome?
reduction/fusion in a number of cervical vertebrae = short stiff neck with limited motion
what is spondylolithesis?
anterior vertebral displacement
what is arnold-chiari malformation?
herniation of medulla and cerebellum into formen magnum!
What nerve is affected by quadrangular space syndrome?
axillary n.
What supplies the anterior and posterior spinal a.?
The (great radicular) a. of Adamkiwicz
What can polio and MD lead to
scoliosis
What is found in the triangular space?
circumflex scapular a. and v.
What is a “boxers fracture”
broken neck of 5th metacarpal (knuckles)
What is Bennett’s fracture?
dislocation of the CMC joint of the thumb
What is “gamekeepers thumb”?
extensive abduction of MCP = injury to ulnar collateral l.
What structures wrap around the surgical neck of the humerus and are susceptible to injury if broken?
axillary n. and posterior humeral circumflex
what is claw hand?
trauma to median n. and ulnar n. at the WRIST
what is colles’ fracture?
fracture fo distal radium with dorsal dislocation
what is smith’s fracture?
fracture of distal radius but dislocation anterior
What spinal segment would you test the triceps reflex?
C7
What spinal segment would you test the brachioradialis reflex?
C6
What segments make up the biceps brachia?
C5, C6
What is another name for a hinge joint (elbow joints)?
ginglymus
what is volkmann’s ischemic contracture
bleed into flexor compartment of the forearm - supracondylar fracture can lacerate brachial a.
what are the symptoms of compartment syndrome?
cold, insensate digits, pain
What lies in the radial groove?
radial n. and deep brachial a.
What nerve would be injured if you dislocated the olecranon
ulnar nerve
what do interossei do that is important?
IP extension
Boutonniere deformity
DIP hyperextended
Dupuytren contracture
fibromatosis of palmar fascia
what spinal nerve supplies supraspinatus?
C5
What is a common fracture in children
clavicle
Where does the ulnar n. enter the forearm?
between FCU heads
what is a vein thromobsis present?
pain with activity, better with rest - usually after a catheter
what is a synarthrosis?
fibrous connection (interosseous membrane) what allows little/no movement
Where does the radial n. run in the wrist?
betwen brachioradialis tendon and FCR tendon
Where does the posterior interosseous n. come from?
extension of deep radial n.
radial n. spinal segments
all brachial plexus - C5,6,7,8,T1
what is the Allen test?
squeeze vessels in wrist
what would tenosynovitis of radial bursa effecT?
flexor pollicis longus
what does the ulnar bursa wrap around?
FDS, FDP
what muscles have no sheath?
FCRand FPB
what is the blood supply to the trapezius?
transverse cervical a.
what is blood supply and innervation to leveator scapulae and rhomboids?
dorsal scapula a. and n.
what innervates and gives blood supply to teres minor?
axillary n.
circumflex scapular a.
what is the innervation and blood supply to the teres major?
lower sub scapular n.
circumflex scapular a.
what innervates and gives blood supply to supra and infraspinatus?
suprascapular n.
suprascapular a.
what gives blood supply to deltoid?
posterior circumflex humeral a.
what a. is found between teres major and teres minor?
scapular circumflex
whats in the traingular space?
circumflex scapular a.
whats in the quadrangular space?
posterior humeral circumflex a.
axillary n.
whats in the triangular interval?
radial n
deep brachial a.
what is erb duchenne palsy?
upper BP injury - watiers tip
what is klumpke’s palsy?
lower BP injury
whats the function of teres major and latissimus dorsi?
adduction
medial rotation
what does teres minor do?
external rotation
what are the contents of the cubital fossa?
lateral antebrachial cutaneous n.
median n.
brachial a.
biceps tendon
what a strong supinator?
biceps brachii
what is the flow of lymph from medial forearm?
superifical plexus – cubital nodes to lateral axillary nodes – apical nodes – subclavian
what is the flow os lymph from lateral forearm
superfical plexus – apical axiallry nodes
where does the anterior interosseous n come from and what does it aupply?
median n
FDP 1/2
FPL
prontator quad
where does posterior interosseuous n come from?
deep radial n.
what does superiical radial n. innervate?
cutaneous
where does the anterior interosseous n come from and what does it aupply?
median n
FDP 1/2
FPL
prontator quad
where does posterior interosseuous n come from?
deep radial n.
what does superiical radial n. innervate?
cutaneous
