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Upper Trapezius
(O,I,A,N)
O: EOP and med 1/3 of Sup Nuchal line, nuchal ligament & SP C7
I: acromion & lateral 1/3rd clavicle
A:
* Retract scapula @ scapulocostal jt
* Elevate scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Extension, lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of the neck at spinal jt’s
N: Spinal Accessory (CN XI)
Middle Trapezius
(O,I,A,N)
O: SP’s of T1-T5
I: Acromion and spine of scapula
A: Retract scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Extension, Lateral flexion and Contralateral rotation of the neck @ the spinal jts.
N: Spinal Accessory (CN XI)
Lower Trapezius
(O, I, A, N)
O: SPs of T6 - T12
I: Root of spine of scapula
A:
* Retract scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Depress scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Extension, Lateral flexion and Contralateral rotation of the neck @ the spinal jts.
N: Spinal Accessory (CN XI)
Latissimus Dorsi
(O,I,A,N)
O:
* SPs of T7 - L5, post illiac crest & sacrum
* Lower 4 ribs
I: Med lip of bicipital groove
A:
* Extension, medial rotation & adduction of the humerus @ GH joint
* Anterior pelvic tilt
N: Thoraco-dorsal nerve
Rhomboid Major
(O,I,A,N)
O: SPs of T2-T5
I: Inferior portion of medial border of scapula
A: Retracts and Elevates scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Rhomboid Minor
(O,I,A,N)
O:
* SPs of C7 - T1
* Inferior Nuchal Lig
I: Root of the spine of scapula
A: Retracts and Elevates scapula @ scapulocostal jt
N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Levator Scapulae
(O,I,A,N)
O: TvPs of C1 - C4
I: Superior angle and superior portion of medial border of scapula
A:
* Elevates the scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Extension and lateral flexion of the neck @ spinal jts
N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve
Serratus Posterior Superior
(O,I,A)
O: SPs of C7 - T3 and nuchal ligament
I: Ribs #2-5
A: Elevates Ribs 2-5 @ Sternocostal and Costospinal jts
Serratus Posterior Inferior
(O,I,A)
O: SPs of T11 - L2
I: Ribs 9 - 12
A: Depresses ribs 9 - 12 at Sternocostal and Costalspinal jts
Illiocostalis - Lumborum
(O, I, A, N)
O: Medial iliac crest & med/lat sacral crest
I: Ribs 7 - 12
A: Extension, Lateral flexion, and Ipsilateral rotation of the neck and trunk @ spinal jts
Anterior pelvic rotation
N: Spinal Nerves
Iliocostalis - Thoracis
(O, I, A, N)
O: Ribs 7 - 12
I: Ribs 1 - 6 and TvP of C7
A: Extension, Lateral flexion, and Ipsilateral rotation of the neck and trunk @ spinal jts
Anterior pelvic rotation
N: Spinal Nerves
Illiocostalis - Cervicis
(O, I, A, N)
O: Ribs 3-6
I: TvPs of C4-C6
A: Extension, Lateral flexion, and Ipsilateral rotation of the neck and trunk @ spinal jts
Anterior pelvic rotation
N: Spinal Nerves
Longissiumus - Thoracis
(O, I, A, N)
O: Med iliac crest, sacrum, and TvPs of L1-L5
I: TvPs of all Tsp & ribs 3-12
A: Extension, Lateral Flexion, Ipsilateral of the head, neck, and trunk @ spinal jts
Anterior Pelvlic Tilt
N: Spinal Nerves
Longissiumus - Cervicis
(O, I, A, N)
O: TvPs of T1-T5
I: TvPs of C2-C6
A: Extension, Lateral Flexion, Ipsilateral rotation of the head, neck, and trunk @ spinal jts
Anterior Pelvlic Tilt
N: Spinal Nerves
Longissiumus - Capitis
(O, I, A, N)
O: TvPs of T1-T5 & articular processes C4-C7
I: Mastoid Process
A: Extension, Lateral Flexion, Ipsilateral of the head, neck, and trunk @ spinal jts
Anterior Pelvlic Tilt
N: Spinal Nerves
Spinalis - Thoracis
(O, I, A, N)
O: SPs of T11-L2
I: SPs of T4-T8
A: Extension and Lateral Flexion of the neck and trunk @ spinal jts
N: Spinal Nerves
Spinalis - Cervices
(O, I, A, N)
O: Inf Nuchal Lig & SP C7
I: SP of C2
A: Extension and Lateral flexion of the neck and trunk @ Spinal jts
N: Spinal Nerves
Semispinalis - Thoracis
(O, I, A)
O: TvPs of T6-T10
I: SPs of C6-T4
A: Extension and Lateral flexion of the head, neck and trunk @ spinal jts
Contralateral rotation of neck & trunk @ spinal jts (no head rotation)
Semispinalis - Cervices
(O, I, A)
O: TvPs of T1-T5
I: SPs of C2-C5
A: Extension and Lateral flexion of the head, neck and trunk @ spinal jts
Contralateral rotation of neck & trunk @ spinal jts (no head rotation)
Multifidus
(O, I, A)
O: Sacrum, PSIS, Post. Sacroiliac Lig
Lsp: mamillary processes
Tsp: all TvPs
Csp: C4-C7 articular processes
I: SPs 2-4 segments above inferior attachment
A: Extension, Lateral flexion and Contralateral rotation of the neck and trunk @ the spinal jts
Anterior Pelvic tilt
Rotatores
(O, I, A)
O: TvP inferior
I: Lamina of vertebrae 1-2 above inferior attachment
A: Contralateral rotation, extension and Lateral flexion of the neck and trunk @ Spinal jts
Runs entire spine from L5-C7
Deepest muscle in the back
Interspinales
(O, I, A)
O: Superior border of lower SP
I: Inferior border of higher SP
A: Extension of the neck and trunk @ Spinal jts
Found from C2-T2 and T11-L5
Usually none from T3-T10
Intertransversarii
(O, I, A)
O: TvP of lower vertabrae (starting at L5 and T1)
I: TvP of higher vertabrae above (ending at T10 and C1)
A: Lateral flexion of the neck and trunk @ Spinal jts
Found at every level except thorasic because of levator costarum and intercostals
Levator Costarum
(O, I, A)
O: TvPs of C7-T11
I: Ribs #1-12
A: Elevation of ribs @ costospinal and sternocostal jts
Found only at Thorasic level
Quadratus Lumborum
(O, I, A)
O: 12th Rib and TvPs of L1-L4
I: Posterior portion of iliac crest
A:
* Elevate pelvis @ lumbosacral jt
* Extension and Lateral flexion of trunk @ spinal jts
* Anterior pelvic tilt
Subcostales
(O, I, A)
O: Internal surface of ribs 10-12
I: Internal surface of ribs 8-10
A: Depression of ribs 8-10 at costalspinal and sternocostal jts (during forced exhalation)
Usually 3 muscle bellies
#8-10 #9-11 #10-12
