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JKC Anatomy- Spring '24 > Back 1/3 > Flashcards

Back 1/3 Flashcards

1
Q

How many sacral vertebrae?

A

5

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2
Q

How many coccygeal vertebrae?

A

3-5, depending on the person

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3
Q

What 2 places on the normal body would you find Lordosis?

A

Cervical and Lumbar

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4
Q

What two places on the body would you find Kyphosis?

A

Thoracic and Sacral

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5
Q

Lordoses concave _____

A

posteriorily

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6
Q

Kyphoses concave _____

A

anteriorly

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7
Q

______ and ______ = Vertebral Arch

A

Pedicles and laminae

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8
Q

Name 1-4

A
  1. Pedicle
  2. Lamina
  3. Spinous Process
  4. Vertebral Foramen
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9
Q

Name 5-9

A
  1. Transverse Process
  2. Inferior Articular Process and Facet
  3. Spinous Process
  4. Superior Articular Process and Facet
  5. Vertebral Body
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10
Q

Name 1 and 2.

A
  1. Intervertebral Foramen
  2. Zygapophyseal (Facet) joint
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11
Q

What is another name for a Facet joint

A

Zygapophyseal joint

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12
Q

Name 1-4

A
  1. Uncinate Processes
  2. Spinous Process
  3. Vertebral Foramen
  4. Transverse foramen
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13
Q

What is unique about the cervical spinous processes?

A

Bifid, divided into two parts

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14
Q

Name 1-4

A
  1. Facet for head of rib
  2. Transverse Costal Facet
  3. Demifacet for head of rib (inferior)
  4. Demifacet for head of rib (superior)
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15
Q

What levels would you find this?

A

T1, T9-T12

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16
Q

What levels would you find this?

A

T2-T8

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17
Q

Name 1-3

A
  1. Costal Head
  2. Neck
  3. Tubercle
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18
Q

Name 1-4

A
  1. Mammilary Process (on superior articular process)
  2. Accessory Process (on Transverse process)
  3. Mammilary Process (on superior articular process)
  4. Lumbar Transverse process
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19
Q

Name 1-4

A
  1. Anterior Sacral Foramina
  2. Coccyx
  3. Ala
  4. Promontory
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20
Q

Name 1-4

A
  1. Median Sacral Crest
  2. Lateral Sacral Crest
  3. Sacral Cornua
  4. Posterior Sacral Foramina
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21
Q

Name 5-8

A
  1. Sacral Hiatus
  2. Sacral canal
  3. Auricular surface
  4. Superior articular processes and facets
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22
Q

Name 1-2

A
  1. Apex of the coccyx
  2. Coccygeal cornua
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23
Q

There are intervertebral disc between every pair except _____

24
Q

Anulus fibrosus arrives from ______

A

schlerotome

25
Q

Nucleus pulposus derived from _____

26
Q

Label 1 and 2

A
  1. Anulus fibrosus
  2. Nucleus pulposus
27
Q

Compression of the vertebrae puts pressure on the ______.

A

Nucleus pulposus

28
Q

Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HPN) is a….

A

Slipped disc

29
Q

Extension is terms of the back is…..

A

Extension of the sagittal plane (leaning backwards) Facets joint close

30
Q

Flexion in terms of the back is…..

A

Flexion of the sagittal plane (leaning forward) facet joints open

31
Q

Name 2 causes of excessive thoracic kyphosis

A

Osteoporosis and compression fractures

32
Q

Excessive lumbar lordosis may occur due to (3 things)

A
  1. Pregnancy
  2. Carrying excess belly fat
  3. Lack of abdominal muscle tone
33
Q

Lumbar lordosis often ______ when muscles of the back are spasming

A

Diminishes

34
Q

Scoliosis is abnormal ________ ______ of the spine. Usually also involves ________

A

lateral curvature, rotation

35
Q

Label 1-4 ligaments

A
  1. Anterior longitudinal
  2. Intertransverse
  3. Interspinous
  4. Supraspinous
36
Q

Label. What did Dr. Ward say to remember specifically about this ligament?

A

Posterior Longitudinal ligament. That it is in inside the vertebrae aka NOT the most posterior ligament of the bunch

37
Q

Label. What is “special” about this ligament?

A

Ligamentum flavum, ligament is pretty elastic

38
Q

Which ligament is the most posterior?

A

Supraspinous

39
Q

Label

A
  1. Nuchal ligament
40
Q

______ is a large surface for cervical muscle attachment

A

Nuchal ligament

41
Q

The broad, midline ______ ligament fans out from the skull, across the cervical and upper thoracic spinous processes.

42
Q

In the thoracic region, what is the role of the ligaments?

A

Connect the ribs to vertebrae

43
Q

________ of head of the rib connects to vertebral facets/demifacets

A

Radiate ligament of head of the rib

44
Q

Label

A

Radiate ligament of head of the rib

45
Q

_______ connect transverse processes of L4 and L5 to the ilium

A

Iliolumbar ligaments

46
Q

Label 1 and 2

A
  1. Supraspinous ligament
  2. Iliolumbar ligaments
47
Q

Suboccipital muscles stretch between ______, ______ and _______.

A

Axis-C2
Atlas -C1
Skull

48
Q

What is another name for the Atlanto-Occipital Joint. What is it primary role?

A

C1- Atlas, Flexion and Extension

49
Q

Label 1-4

A
  1. Anterior Tubercle C1
  2. Posterior Tubercle C1
  3. Superior Facet C1
  4. Occipital Condyle
50
Q

What is another name for the Atlanto- Axial Joint?

51
Q

Label 1-4

A
  1. Spinous Process C2
  2. Body of C2
  3. Dens
  4. Superior Facet C2
52
Q

Label 1-3

A
  1. Anterior Tubercle C1
  2. Inferior Facet C1
  3. Posterior Tubercle C1
53
Q

The _______ continues to the skull, covering the dens.

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

54
Q

Dens is tethered to the _________ and ______ by ligaments that keep it in place while allowing rotation

A

Occipital bone and atlas

55
Q

Label 1 and 2

A
  1. Posterior Atlanto-Axial Membrane
  2. Posterior Atlanto-Occipital Membrane

JKC Anatomy- Spring '24 (14 decks)

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