B9 - Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration?
respiration is a chemical reaction that the body cells use to release energy from the digested food (glucose)
What is the equation for respiration?
Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
What is gas exchange?
Air breathed in has 0.03 carbon dioxide whereas air breathed out releases 3% of carbon dioxide, this is so it can be used for repiration. Nitrogen stays the same as it is not being used and not needed.
Where does repiration occur?
It occurs in the mitochondria
What is needed for respiration?
- Metabolism - makinig larger molecues and breaking down large molecues
- Muscle contraction
- Temperature regulation
- Active trasnport - movement of particles
- to convert nitrate and glucose into amino acids
what is aerobic respiration
is the process of transferring energy from glucose using oxygen, and that it occurs continuously in living cells
what is the equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
what is active transport
the movement of dissolved molecules into or out of a cell through the cell membrane, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
where do most aerobic respiration occur
mitochondria
what is anerobic respiration
a type of cellular respiration that occurs without the use of oxygen
what is the equation for anerobic repsiration in animals
glucose –> lactic acid (energy transfer to the enviroment)
what is the equation for anerobic repsiration in plants and yeasts
glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide ( energy transfered to enviroment)
what is fermentation
the process in which a substance breaks down into a simpler substance
what is the difference between anerobic repsiraton and aerobic respiration
- Aerobic respiration occurs with oxygen and releases more energy but more slowly. Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy but more quickly
- aerobic repiration the products are carbon dioxide whereas the products in anerobic respiration is dfferent for plants and animals and are lactic acid, carbon dioxide and ethanol
what happens when you excerise
there is an increase demand for energy for muscle contraction
what changed in the body when you exercise
- Heart rate increases
- Breathing rate and breath volume increase
- Arteries supplying muscles dilate
- That the changes that occur during exercise result in more oxygen and glucose being delivered to respiring muscle cells for respiration. More carbon dioxide, lactic acid and heat can also be removed from the muscle cells
what is muscle fatigue
where your muscles dont contract properly and efficiently
what is metabolism
- Metabolism is the sum of all of the biological reactions occurring in a cell or in the body
- That enzymes control the reactions of metabolism, which uses energy transferred by respiration
- That metabolism includes reactions that build up larger molecules from smaller ones, and reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller ones
what is the livers function in the body
- The conversion of lactic acid back into glucose
- Detoxification of poisonous substances like ethanol in alcohol
- The breakdown of old red blood cells
- The breakdown of excess amino acids into urea (which is excreted in urine)
- The formation/breakdown of glycogen
