B9 - Respiration

Question 1

What is respiration?

Answer 1

respiration is a chemical reaction that the body cells use to release energy from the digested food (glucose)

Question 2

What is the equation for respiration?

Answer 2

Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

Question 3

What is gas exchange?

Answer 3

Air breathed in has 0.03 carbon dioxide whereas air breathed out releases 3% of carbon dioxide, this is so it can be used for repiration. Nitrogen stays the same as it is not being used and not needed.

Question 4

Where does repiration occur?

Answer 4

It occurs in the mitochondria

Question 5

What is needed for respiration?

Answer 5

1. Metabolism - makinig larger molecues and breaking down large molecues
2. Muscle contraction
3. Temperature regulation
4. Active trasnport - movement of particles
5. to convert nitrate and glucose into amino acids

Question 6

what is aerobic respiration

Answer 6

is the process of transferring energy from glucose using oxygen, and that it occurs continuously in living cells

Question 7

what is the equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 7

glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

Question 8

what is active transport

Answer 8

the movement of dissolved molecules into or out of a cell through the cell membrane, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration

Question 9

where do most aerobic respiration occur

Answer 9

mitochondria

Question 10

what is anerobic respiration

Answer 10

a type of cellular respiration that occurs without the use of oxygen

Question 11

what is the equation for anerobic repsiration in animals

Answer 11

glucose –> lactic acid (energy transfer to the enviroment)

Question 12

what is the equation for anerobic repsiration in plants and yeasts

Answer 12

glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide ( energy transfered to enviroment)

Question 13

what is fermentation

Answer 13

the process in which a substance breaks down into a simpler substance

Question 14

what is the difference between anerobic repsiraton and aerobic respiration

Answer 14

• Aerobic respiration occurs with oxygen and releases more energy but more slowly. Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy but more quickly
• aerobic repiration the products are carbon dioxide whereas the products in anerobic respiration is dfferent for plants and animals and are lactic acid, carbon dioxide and ethanol

Question 15

what happens when you excerise

Answer 15

there is an increase demand for energy for muscle contraction

Question 16

what changed in the body when you exercise

Answer 16

• Heart rate increases
• Breathing rate and breath volume increase
• Arteries supplying muscles dilate
• That the changes that occur during exercise result in more oxygen and glucose being delivered to respiring muscle cells for respiration. More carbon dioxide, lactic acid and heat can also be removed from the muscle cells

Question 17

what is muscle fatigue

Answer 17

where your muscles dont contract properly and efficiently

Question 18

what is metabolism

Answer 18

• Metabolism is the sum of all of the biological reactions occurring in a cell or in the body
• That enzymes control the reactions of metabolism, which uses energy transferred by respiration
• That metabolism includes reactions that build up larger molecules from smaller ones, and reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller ones

Question 19

what is the livers function in the body

Answer 19

• The conversion of lactic acid back into glucose
• Detoxification of poisonous substances like ethanol in alcohol
• The breakdown of old red blood cells
• The breakdown of excess amino acids into urea (which is excreted in urine)
• The formation/breakdown of glycogen