B9 Flashcards
What is aerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration is the process carried out in mitochondria where energy is produced using glucose and oxygen - it occurs continuously.
Is aerobic respiration exothermic or endothermic?
Aerobic respiration is an exothermic reaction because it releases energy.
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
How is energy used in the body?
The energy from respiration is used to make larger molecules from smaller ones, active transport, muscle contraction and maintaining body temp.
What is anaerobic respiration?
If there isn’t enough oxygen for aerobic respiration the body will undergo anaerobic respiration in the cytoplasm.
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?
glucose –> lactic acid
How does the body get rid of lactic acid?
Lactic acid is diffused into the blood where it’s taken to the liver and reacted with oxygen to form glucose again.
What is oxygen debt?
Oxygen debt is the oxygen required to remove the buildup of lactic acid and explains why we still breathe lots even after stopping exercise.
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?
Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide.
This process is also called fermentation.
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen whilst anaerobic doesn’t. Aerobic respiration produces much more energy than anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid.
What happens to our body during exercise?
There is increased demand for energy in your body and so your heart rate increases to pump more blood around the body so more cells can do respiration, your breath rate and volume increases to get in more oxygen for respiration and the arteries dilate to allow more blood carrying oxygen through.
What happens after long periods of exercise?
After long periods of exercise the muscles fatigue and don’t contract efficiently.
What is metabolism?
Metabolism is the sum of all the biological reactions occurring in a cell or the body.
What are the functions of the liver?
The conversion of lactic acid back to glucose, detoxification of poisonous substances, the break down of old red blood cells, the break down of excess amino acids into urea and the formation and breaking down of glucose.
