B5 Flashcards
What is health?
Health is the state of physical and mental wellbeing.
What is a communicable disease?
A communicable disease can be spread from person to person by pathogens.
What is a non-communicable disease?
A non-communicable disease cannot be spread from person to person by pathogens.
What factors besides disease contribute to ill health?
The factors that contribute to illness are: a poor diet, stress and disadvantaged life situations
What is a pathogen?
A pathogen is a micro-organism that can cause communicable disease in plants or animals.
What are the 4 types of pathogens?
The 4 types of pathogens are: viruses, bacteria, protists and fungi.
How do bacteria make you sick?
Bacterias reproduce rapidly and make us sick by releasing toxins, causing damage to cells in our body.
How do viruses make you sick?
Viruses reproduce rapidly and make us sick by entering our cells and reproducing in them, this causes the cell to burst.
How can we prevent the spread of disease?
We can prevent the spread of diseases by being hygienic, destroying vectors, isolating infected people and by using vaccines.
What is measles?
Measles is a virus with the symptoms of a red skin rash and a fever. Children are vaccinated against it as it can be fatal and measles is spread through the inhalation of droplets from sneezes or coughs.
What is HIV ?
HIV is a virus that attacks your white blood cells until you can’t deal with illnesses and is controlled through antiretroviral drugs. HIV is spread through sexual contact or exchanging of bodily fluids e.g re-using needles.
What is tobacco mosaic virus?
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a virus that affects many plants, if a plant has TMV it will have a distinct ‘mosaic’ pattern of discolouration on the leaves which causes stunted growth.
What is salmonella?
Salmonella food poisoning is spread by bacteria ingested in food or food prepared in unhygienic conditions. To control the spread poultry is vaccinated in the uk. The symptoms are a fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea.
What is gonorrhoea?
Gonorrhoea is an STD with symptoms of a thick yellow or green discharge and pain when urinating. It is caused by bacteria and so can be controlled using antibiotics or protection in sex.
What is rose black spot?
Rose black spot is a fungal disease where black spots appear on leaves. This causes the plant to do less photosynthesis so it will have stunted growth. It is spread through the air or through vectors. The spread can be prevented with fungicides.
What pathogen causes malaria?
The pathogens that cause malaria are protists. The malarial protist has a life cycle that includes the mosquito. Malaria causes recurrent episodes of fever and can be fatal. The spread of malaria is controlled by preventing the vectors, mosquitoes, from breeding and by using mosquito nets to avoid being bitten.
