B7.1 Transport in plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What is glucose made in photosynthesis converted into for transport?

A

Sucrose

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2
Q

What does the xylem do?

A

It transports water from the roots to the leaves (up the stem)

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3
Q

What are the walls of the xylem made out of and why?

A

Made of lignin to keep its shape

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4
Q

Describe the movement of water

A
  • Water moves into the plant by osmosis via the root hair cells
  • Travels through the root cortex cells and up the xylem vessels to the leaves
  • In the leaves, the water leaves the xylem vessel and moves through the spongy mesophyll cells
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5
Q

List the places water goes through in order

A

Root hair cell –> root cortex cell –> xylem –> mesophyll cell

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6
Q

Define transpiration

A

The loss of water vapour from plant leaves by evaporation of water at the surfaces of the mesophyll cells followed by diffusion of water vapour through the stomata

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7
Q

What are xylem vessels made up of?

A

dead xylem cells

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8
Q

Why are the end walls of the dead cells broken?

A

To allow water to move through

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9
Q

What do the root hair cells do?

A

It absorbs water via osmosis and uptakes mineral ions via active transport

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10
Q

List the 4 factors affecting the rate of transpiration

A
  • Humidity
  • Temperature
  • Light intensity
  • Wind speed
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11
Q

What are phloem cells made up of?

A
  • Columns of living cells
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12
Q

Why are the end walls of phloem cells partially permeable?

A

To allow food products to move up and down the phloem vessels

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13
Q

Define translocation

A

The movement of sucrose and amino acids from the leaves (sources) to the growing regions of the plant and storage organs (sinks)

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14
Q

Describe the movement of phloem cells

A

Can move up or down

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15
Q

What are root hair cells adapted for?

A

The absorption of substances

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16
Q

What increases the root hair cells’ surface area?

A

Fine extensions

17
Q

The water molecules move down their water potential gradient because…

A

The water potential out the root is higher than inside the cytoplasm

18
Q

In the stem and leaves, the xylem and phloem are grouped together as …

A

Vascular bundles

19
Q

Explain the process of investigating water movement through a plant

A
  • Add food coloring to the water given to the plant
  • Food coloring is soluble and is carried through the plant with the water in the xylem
  • After a day or two in colored water, the veins of the leaves and flowers of a plant will show the color