B6.1 Diet Flashcards
Foods that contain carbohydrates
Bread, potatoes and rice
What are carbohydrates used for?
- Source of energy for respiration in cells
What are proteins used for?
- Growth and repair
Foods that contain proteins
Meat, milk and eggs
Define the term balanced diet
A diet in which all the components needed to maintain health are present in appropriate proportions
What are fats used for?
Insulation and energy storage
Which foods contain fats?
Butter, oils and cheese
Which foods contain vitamin C?
Citrus fruits
What is vitamin C used for?
To repair tissues
What is vitamin D used for?
Maintains healthy bones and teeth
Which foods contain vitamin D?
Eggs, fish, cheese and milk
Vitamin D deficiency leads to…
Rickets
What is rickets?
- The softening of bones
- Stunted growth in children
Vitamin C deficiency leads to…
Scurvy
What is scurvy?
Bleeding gums and wounds do not heal properly
Why is calcium needed?
For strong bones and teeth
Which foods contain calcium?
Milk and eggs
What does calcium do?
Blood clotting
Calcium deficiency leads to…
The softening of the bones
Iron deficiency leads to…
Anaemia
What is iron used for?
To make haemoglobin in red blood cells
Which foods contain iron?
Red meat, spinach, liver and kidney
What is anaemia?
Reduction in the number of red blood cells, becomes tired and short of breath
Which foods contain fibre?
Vegetables, fruit and brown rice
What is fibre used for?
- Provides bulk for the food to move through the stomach and intestines
Fibre deficiency leads to…
constipation
Protein deficiency leads to…
Kwashiorkor
List the symptoms of kwashiorkor
- body can’t grow and repair its tissues
- immune system becomes weak
- can cause stunted growth
What is Maramus?
A condition in very young children caused by a diet low in all energy-containing foods
Symptoms of maramus
- Wasted appearance due to very low body fat and muscle
Which age group suffers from kwashiorkor?
Young children
What is constipation caused by?
Too little fibre and water
Which mineral do pregnant women need more of?
Iron
Why do pregnant women need more iron?
To supply what the growing baby needs for making blood cells
What does starvation means?
not enough food is eaten
What can starvation lead to?
Marasmus, diarrhoea and death
What does obesity mean?
Having too much fat stores in the body
What can obesity lead to?
Diabetes and heart diseases
What is coronary heart disease caused by?
Diet high in saturated fats
