B2.1 Cell Structure Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

List features only present in plants

A
  • Cell wall
  • Large vacuole
  • Chloroplasts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the features in an animal cell

A
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List the features in a plant cell

A
  • Mitochondria
  • Chloroplasts
  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Large vacuole
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Functions of a cytoplasm

A
  • a jelly-like substance where chemical reactions take place
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Functions of a nucleus

A
  • Contains genetic material in the chromosomes
  • Controls how a cell grows and works
  • Controls cell division
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Functions of a vacuole

A
  • Used for storage of some materials
  • Supports the shape of the cell
  • If there is not enough cell sap in the vacuole, plant may be wilt
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Functions of a chloroplast

A
  • Contains green pigment-chlorophyll-which absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Functions of a cell membrane

A
  • Holds the cell together

- Controls substances entering and leaving the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Functions of a cell wall

A
  • Made of cellulose, which gives the cell extra support

- Defines its shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Function of a sperm cell

A

Travels to the egg cell for fertilisation and carries genetic information for the egg cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Function of a palisade mesophyll cell

A

Photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of a red blood cell

A

Transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of a ciliated cell

A

Performs the movement of mucus in the trachea and bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Function of a root hair cell

A

Absorbs water and uptakes minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is a root hair cell adapted to its function?

A
  • elongated shape of the cells increases the surface area available for absorption of water and minerals
  • Long projections –> increase the surface area that the plant can use to absorb water and minerals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are palisade mesophyll cells found?

A

In the upper part of the leaf

17
Q

Describe the structure of a palisade mesophyll cell

A
  • Cells are tall

- Cells are tightly packed together near the surface of the leaves so that they can absorb as much sunlight as possible

18
Q

What makes red blood cells red?

A

Haemoglobin

19
Q

How are red blood cells adapted to its function?

A
  • No nucleus –> more space for haemoglobin –> maximise the amount of oxygen that they can carry
  • Small size –> to pass through tiny capillaries
  • Biconcave shape –> large surface area –> so it is flexible for it to pass through small capillaries
20
Q

Why don’t root hair cells have chloroplasts?

A

It is underground so it has no contact with the sun

21
Q

How are sperm cells adapted to its function?

A
  • small
  • little cytoplasm since it carries out few functions
  • Mid piece contains mitochondria –> provides energy to move the tail (flagellum) –> powers the sperm cell to move towards the egg cell
22
Q

Function of a mitochondria

A
  • Produces energy

- an organelle where aerobic respiration takes place

23
Q

Function of ribosomes

A

makes protein and can be found floating within the cytoplasm inside the RER

24
Q

What does chlorophyll do?

A

it is a pigment that traps light energy and converts it to chemical energy. This energy is used inside the chloroplast to carry out photosynthesis

25
Q

what is the function of a rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

they produce protein for the rest of the cell to function