B7 - Non-Communicable Diseases ✅ Flashcards
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How can kidney failure be treated?
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kidney failure can be treated by dialaysis or transplant.
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Function of the pancrease in type 1 and type 2 diabetese ?
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- type 1: Caused by a defect in the pancreas, where the cells that produce insulin don’t work.
- type 2:There is no problem with the pancreas – it produces insulin as usual. BUT, body cells no longer
respond to the insulin.
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A cause of type 1 diabetes ?
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The cause is unknown, but we do
know it involves the insulinproducing cells getting destroyed.
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A cause of type 2 diabetes?
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Obesity is a major risk factor for type
2 diabetes. There is also a genetic
risk factor.
(eg: bad diet, no physical activity)
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Treatment of type 1 Diabetes ?
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Treatment is injections of insulin.The insulin is produced by genetically engineered bacteria.
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Treatment of type 2 Diabetes?
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Insulin injections will have no effect, so the treatment is a carbohydrate controlled diet and lots of exercise.
( injections have no effect as the cells dont respond to insuline)
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Treatment for Coronary heart disease?
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- stents
- statins
- transplants
- valve replacements
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What do statins do?
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These drugs reduce blood cholesterol levels, which is linked to
the fatty material deposits. Lowering cholesterol reduces the rate of fatty material build up.
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What does a stent do?
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insert a stent into the narrowed artery to widen it again. This is a kind of wire mesh that pushes the artery walls out and keeps the artery open.
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How is stent inserted?
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- a small deflated ballon is inserted in a mesh cage into a valve.
- the ballon is inflated, expanding the mesh too.
- the ballon deflates and is removed- the mesh is left to hold the valve open
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Facts of a biological stent
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- they dont make a noise
- they are natural
- longer life
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Facts of an artificial stent
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- make a ticking noise
- can be blocked
- no animals are harmed
- blood thinners needed
- more medication needs to be administrated
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