B5 - Communicable Diseases Flashcards
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What is a fever?
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A disease symptom linked to a rasied body temperature, due to disruption of the normal homeostasis mechanisms in the body
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What is HIV?
What is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus? 🤔
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A virus that uses the body’s immune cells as host cells to replicate
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What does HIV cause, if not treated appropriately?
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AIDS
Other: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
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What is AIDS?
What is the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome?
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A condition in which the body’s immune system is seriously weakened, due to infection by the HIV virus
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What is salmonella?
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A genus of bacteria that can cause food poisoning
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What is discharge?
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A substance that is being produced by the body that should not be there; otherwise indicating a sign of disease
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What is a culture?
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A population of microorganisms that has been deliberately grown to study
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What is binary fission?
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A method through which bacteria multiply; one bacterial cell divides into two, forming two identical cells
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What is contamination?
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The term used to decribe when unwanted bacteria [or other microorganisms] mix in with the bacteria that you are trying to grow
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What is a culture medium?
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A substance on which microorganisms are grown upon, which provides them essential nutrients for it to be able to grow
E.g. Agar gel or nutrient broth
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What is an inoculating loop?
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A piece of equipment that is used to transfer microorganisms to a culture medium for growth and study
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What is an agar plate?
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A Petri dish that is filled with agar gel
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What is a colony?
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A population of bacteria
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What do colonies look like?
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Circles of growth in an agar plate
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What is a lawn culture?
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An agar plate that is spread evenly with bacteria
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What are lawn cultures useful for?
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Testing antiseptics and antibiotics
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What is mean division time?
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The average time that it takes for a type of bacteria to divide once, whilst put under certain conditions
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What is measles caused by?
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A virus that is spread by a droplet infection
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How is HIV spread?
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Through the exhange of bodily fluids
Other: Through sexual contact; through sharing of needles by drug users
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What can be used to treat HIV to stop it from developing into AIDS?
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Antiretroviral drugs
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What does the Tobacco Mosaic Virus affect?
Hint: Animals or Plants
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Plants
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What does the Tobacco Mosaic Virus do to plants?
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It causes discolouration of the leaves, and stunts the plant’s growth
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Why would a plant affected with TMV have a stunted growth?
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As discolouration of the leaves [that is caused by TMV] hinders photosynthesis
Other: Less chlorophyll in the leaves
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What type of pathogen is the Rosa Black Spot?
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Fungi
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What does the Rose Black Spot affect?
Hint: Animals or Plants
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Plants
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What does the Rose Black Spot do to plants?
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It causes purple or black spots to form on the leaves; the whole leaf turns yellow and begins to drop early; it also stunts the plant’s growth
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How is the Rose Black Spot fungus spread?
How is this fungus transmitted? 🤔
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Through wind or water
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What are the treatment options for removing the Rose Black Spot fungus off plants?
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Remove the affected leaves or use a fungicide
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