B3 - Organisation & The Digestive System ✅

Question 1

What is an enzyme?

©

Answer 1

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms

©

Question 2

What is a digestive enzyme?

©

Answer 2

An enzyme that works in the digestive system, and breaks down large food molecules into simpler, smaller molecules for absorption into the blood

©

Question 3

What is an active site?

©

Answer 3

The part of an enzyme where the reaction takes place; they are very specific in shape, so only a particular substrate can fit in one

©

Question 4

What is denaturation?

©

Answer 4

When the active site of an enzyme is changed in shape, either due to an exposure to high temperature(s) or wrong pH

©

Question 5

What is a substrate?

©

Answer 5

The molecule that fits into an enzyme’s active site and reacts to make a product(s)

©

Question 6

What is a carbohydrate?

©

Answer 6

A type of molecule found in all living things

©

Question 7

What are carbohydrates made up of?

Hint: Three attributes

©

Answer 7

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

©

Question 8

What is a lipid?

©

Answer 8

The scientific term for fat

©

Question 9

What are lipids made up of?

Hint: Two attributes

©

Answer 9

Glycerol and fatty acids

©

Question 10

What is protein?

©

Answer 10

A type of molecule made from amino acids

©

Question 11

What is protein made up of?

Hint: Four attributes

©

Answer 11

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

©

Question 12

What are the two types of protein in the human body?

©

Answer 12

1. Structural proteins (e.g. muscle)
2. Metabolic proteins (e.g. enzymes)

©

Question 13

Define optimum.

©

Answer 13

The ideal temperature or pH for enzymes to work

©

Question 14

What is the name of the digestive enzyme for carbohydrates?

©

Answer 14

Carbohydrase

Other: Amylase

©

Question 15

What is the name of the digestive enzyme for proteins?

©

Answer 15

Protease

©

Question 16

What is the name of the digestive enzyme for lipids?

©

Answer 16

Lipase

©

Question 17

Where is carbohydrase produced in the human body?

Hint: There are three different sites of production

©

Answer 17

1. Salivary glands
2. Pancreas
3. Wall of the small intestine

©

Question 18

Where is protease produced in the human body?

Hint: There are three different sites of production

©

Answer 18

1. Stomach
2. Pancreas
3. Wall of the small intestine

©

Question 19

Where is lipase produced in the human body?

Hint: There are two different sites of production

©

Answer 19

1. Pancreas
2. Wall of the small intestine

©

Question 20

Where are the sites of action for carbohydrase?

Hint: There are two sites of action

©

Answer 20

1. Mouth
2. Small intestine

©

Question 21

Where are the sites of action for protease?

Hint: There are two sites of action

©

Answer 21

1. Stomach
2. Small intestine

©

Question 22

Where is the site of action for lipase?

©

Answer 22

Small intestine

©

Question 23

Where is bile made in the human body?

©

Answer 23

In the liver

©

Question 24

Where is bile stored in the human body?

©

Answer 24

In the gall bladder

©

Question 25

Is bile acidic or alkaline? Why?

©

Answer 25

Alkaline - to neutralise the stomach acid, and to make the partly digested food pH8 [which is the optimum pH for enzymes in the small intestine]

©

Question 26

Where does mechanical digestion occur in the human body?

Hint: There are two areas

©

Answer 26

In the mouth and stomach

©

Question 27

What is the product of carbohydrase?

©

Answer 27

Simple sugars

E.g. Glucose

©

Question 28

What is the product of protease?

©

Answer 28

Amino acids

©

Question 29

What are the products of lipase?

Hint: There are two products

©

Answer 29

1. Glycerol
2. Fatty acids

©