B5: Economic factors (that affect development) Flashcards
How can being rich affect growth? (3)
How can being poor affect growth? (4)
- Nutritious/balanced diet
- better medical care
- good exercise
- lack of nutritious diet
- poor medical care (long waits, poor quality, lack of GP)
- cant afford prescriptions
- lack of exercise
How can being rich affect development? (4)
How can being poor affect development? (3)
- private education
- more cultured (travel more)
- clean/safe house
- lots of out-of-school activities
- poor housing
- poor education
- No travel
What are the 8 factors that effect lifestyles?
- Financial
- Social, cultural, psychological
- Geographical
- Physical
- Language
- Intellectual / text
- Sensory
- Resource
Define relative poverty?
- People have enough money for the essentials to live.
- Have limited life choices/opportunities.
Define absolute poverty?
- do not have enough money to meet their basic needs such as food, clothing, and housing.
Who are more likely to be on low incomes?
(7 examples)
- lone parents
- unemployed
- elderly
- sick people
- disabled
- single earner families
- unskilled couples
Describe the stages of the cycle of poverty? (6)
- Children are born into poor families.
- Children have a deprived childhood (material/cultural).
- As a result of deprivation, children are less likely to get good qualifications.
- As young adults their futures are limited. Low paid/unskilled jobs.
- Live in poverty as adults.
- Many become parents of deprived children and the cycle continues.
What are the impacts of low income on a child? (6)
- Poor diet (processed food, especially from food banks)
- Pour housing (risk of illness)
- Less access to materials
- Low life chances
- Academic underachievement
- Low self confidence
Define manual workers?
Examples? (4)
The more physical jobs. Often poor paid. Does not require high levels of qualifications.
- Hospitality workers
- Hair dressers
- Brick layer
- Painter/decorator
Define non-manual workers?
Examples? (4)
Requires use of their mind and high levels of qualifications. Higher paid.
- Teacher
- Doctor
- Lawyer
- Therapists
How can deprived areas affect education?
How can income affect education?
- more likely to suffer problems, (e.g. lack of resources, problems recruiting teacher).
- Children from poorer families are likely to be about nine months behind.
Higher social classes achieve more than twice A*-C gsce grades.
How can peer groups/the media affect children?
peer groups can provide a second source of social learning (secondary socialisation).
as young adults, peer groups become more important and influential. They may begin to copy each other’s attitudes and beliefs.
The media can hugely impact an individuals attitudes/life choices and is often blamed for poor choices/unsocial behaviour.
How can values/attitudes affect children?
Beliefs, values and attitudes are influenced by how an individual experiences primary and secondary socialisation.
They can also be influenced by life experiences (bullying etc) and the culture an individual is brought up in.
What are the lifestyle factors? (4)
What affects lifestyle factors?
- nutrition/diet
- exercise
- substance misuse (drugs, alcohol, tobacco)
- stress
Lifestyle factors will be affected by wealth, culture, and role models.
How does nutrition and dietary choices affect an individuals lifestyle? (2)
- Some people may chose to eat an unhealthy diet because of convenience and cost. This can result in obesity, which increases pressure on joints, organs and may lead to heart disease.
- Deficiencies may affect health and development of bones, organs and muscles.
How does exercise affects an individuals lifestyle?
Positive/negative effects.
Exercise is essential for development, maintaining a healthy weight. It’s also important for the skeleton, maintaining mobility and heart function.
Positive effects: reduce mental health problems, increase feeling of wellbeing.
Negative effects: lack of exercise is a ‘silent killer’ as there’s increased risk of strokes and heart disease.
How does drug misuse affects an individuals lifestyle? (cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy and speed)
Cannabis: affects brain function (links with mental health problems) and respiratory problems, and lung cancer.
Cocaine: overstimulates the heart - can lead to heart attack or death.
Ecstasy/speed: impacts memory. cause depression. affect blood pressure and causes heart attacks.
How does alcohol misuse affects an individuals lifestyle? (3)
- Risk of cancer.
- Higher risk of heart disease/liver disease/bowel cancer.
- Higher risk of perpetrating domestic abuse.
How does tobacco misuse affects an individuals lifestyle?
- affects all organs, specifically the lungs.
Increases risk of:
coronary heart disease
lung cancer
strokes
lung disease
What are 5 positive impacts of poverty?
- Learn how to be independent - cook, clean, do home/auto repairs.
- motivated to improve life chances, (focus on studies for well-paid job)
- learn how to budget
- Learn how to produce healthy diet on low budget
- Learn how to be physically fit for free.
