Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

biology🧬 > B5: Disease Things🦠 > Flashcards

B5: Disease Things🦠 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

What is a communicable disease?

A

A disease that is infectious.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name three things that can affect health.

A

Diet, stress, life situations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are microorganisms that cause disease called?

A

Pathogens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name four types of pathogen.

A

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do bacteria cause disease in humans?

A

By rapidly reproducing between the cells of our body and releasing toxins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do viruses cause disease in humans?

A

By infecting and entering our cells, rapidly producing in our cells and then bursting our cells as they leave to infect more.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the splitting of bacteria into two called?

A

Binary fission.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name three ways pathogens are spread.

A

By air, direct contact and water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What temp are bacteria incubated at in schools and colleges?

A

25°.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you calculate the number of bacteria in a population?

A

Bacteria at the beginning of the growth period x 2 (squared by number of divisions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name two ways to stop bacterial growth.

A

Keeping them at a lower temp or using chemicals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How to find area of a circle?

A

Pie x radius (squared).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name 4 ways to prevent spread of pathogens.

A

Hand washing, using disinfectant, keeping raw meat away from food that will be eaten uncooked, coughing or sneezing carefully.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a vector?

A

Something that carries a communicable disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens during vaccination?

A

Doctors introduce a small amount of a harmless form of a specific pathogen into your body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name 2 symptoms of measles.

A

Fever and a red skin rash.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How is measles spread?

A

By the inhalation of droplets from coughs and sneezes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does measles cause?

A

Blindness and brain damage (it may be fatal).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Is there a treatment for measles?

A

No.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Is there a vaccination for measles?

A

Yes, the MMR vaccine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the symptoms of HIV?

A

A mild flu-like illness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does HIV do?

A

It attacks the immune cells and hides until the immune system is so badly damaged that it can no longer deal with infections or certain cancers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How is HIV spread?

A

By direct sexual contact and the exchange of bodily fluids like blood.

24
Q

Is there a cure for HIV/AIDS?

A

No.

25
Q

How can HIV be prevented?

A

The use of condoms and not sharing needles.

26
Q

What can antiretroviral drugs do for HIV positive patients?

A

Prevent the development of AIDS for many years and give HIV positive people an almost normal life expectancy.

27
Q

What does tobacco mosaic virus commonly affect?

A

Tomato and tobacco plants.

28
Q

What does tobacco mosaic virus cause?

A

It causes a distinctive “mosaic” pattern of discolouration on leaves and destroys the cells.

29
Q

How is tobacco mosaic virus spread?

A

Contact between diseased plant material and healthy plants (insects can be vectors).

30
Q

What are salmonella?

A

Salmonella are bacteria that live in the guts of many different animals.

31
Q

Where can salmonella be found?

A

In raw meat, poultry, eggs and egg products.

32
Q

Name one common cause of infection by salmonella.

A

Eating raw undercooked food.

33
Q

What are the symptoms of salmonella?

A

Fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea.

34
Q

How can the spread of salmonella be prevented?

A

Avoiding washing raw chicken, keeping raw chicken away from other food and washing hands and surfaces well after being in contact with raw chicken.

35
Q

How is gonorrhoea spread?

A

By unprotected sexual contact with an infectious person.

36
Q

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?

A

A thick yellow or green discharge from the vagina or penis and pain on urination.

37
Q

What can long term, untreated gonorrhoea cause?

A

Long term pelvic pain, infertility and ectopic pregnancies.

38
Q

Can gonorrhoea be treated with antibiotics?

A

Yes.

39
Q

What type of disease is athletes foot?

A

Fungal.

40
Q

What does rose black spot cause?

A

Purple or black spots to develop on leaves.

41
Q

How are spores of rose black spot spread?

A

In the environment, carried by the wind.

42
Q

How do gardeners prevent rose black spot?

A

Removing and burning affected leaves and stems or chemical fungicides.

43
Q

What type of pathogen causes rose black spot?

A

Fungi.

44
Q

What type of pathogen causes malaria?

A

Protists.

45
Q

What do mosquitoes act as in the spread of malaria?

A

Vectors.

46
Q

What does malaria affect?

A

The liver and they damage red blood cells.

47
Q

How can the spread of malaria be controlled?

A

Insecticides, preventing vectors from breeding and antimalarial drugs.

48
Q

How does your skin act as a defence mechanism in the human body?

A

It acts as a barrier and producing antimicrobial secretions.

49
Q

How does your nose act as a defence mechanism?

A

Hairs and mucus trap particles that may irritate your lungs.

50
Q

How does the trachea act as a defence mechanism?

A

It secretes mucus that traps pathogens from the air.

51
Q

How does the stomach act as a defence mechanism?

A

It produces acid that destroys microorganisms.

52
Q

Name three ways that white blood cells destroy pathogens.

A

Ingesting microorganisms, producing antibodies and producing antitoxins.

53
Q

What do aphids do?

A

Penetrate the phloem vessels and feed on sugar rich sap.

54
Q

Name four physical barriers plants have.

A

Cellulose cell walls, tough waxy cuticles, bark and leaf fall.

55
Q

What do chemical barriers do in plants?

A

Produce antibacterial chemicals that protect them against pathogens.

56
Q

Name three mechanical defences of plants.

A

Mimicry, thorns and hairs and drooping or curling.

biology🧬 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions