B4: The Blood/ Heart🫀

Question 1

What does plasma carry?

Answer 1

Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

Question 2

What other substances does plasma transport around the body?

Answer 2

Waste carbon dioxide, urea and small soluble products of digestion.

Question 3

What is red blood cells’ main purpose?

Answer 3

To pick up oxygen from the lungs and transport it to cells around the body.

Question 4

What adaptations do red blood cells have, making them very efficient?

Answer 4

They are biconcave discs, packed with haemoglobin and they have no nucleus.

Question 5

What are white blood cells’ main purpose?

Answer 5

To protect the body against harmful microorganisms.

Question 6

Platelets are small _________ of cells.

Answer 6

Fragments.

Question 7

Do platelets have a nucleus?

Answer 7

No.

Question 8

What are platelets main purpose?

Answer 8

To help the clotting process at wound sites.

Question 9

Arteries carry blood ______ from the heart.

Answer 9

Away.

Question 10

Do arteries carry oxygenated or less oxygenated blood?

Answer 10

Oxygenated.

Question 11

Do arteries have thick or thin walls?

Answer 11

Thick.

Question 12

Veins carry blood _______ the heart.

Answer 12

Towards.

Question 13

Is the blood in veins oxygenated or less oxygenated?

Answer 13

Less oxygenated.

Question 14

Do veins have thin or thick walls?

Answer 14

Thin.

Question 15

Capillaries are ____ vessels that link the veins and arteries.

Answer 15

Tiny.

Question 16

Describe the structure of capillaries.

Answer 16

Thin and narrow.

Question 17

Why do capillaries have such thin walls?

Answer 17

To allow the easy diffusion of oxygen and glucose.

Question 18

What supplies the heart muscles with oxygen?

Answer 18

Coronary arteries.

Question 19

What are the top chambers of the heart called?

Answer 19

The atria.

Question 20

The blood fills the right atrium via the _____ ______?

Answer 20

Vena cava.

Question 21

Does the right atrium fill with oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

Answer 21

Deoxygenated.

Question 22

Blood fills the left atrium via the __________ ______?

Answer 22

Pulmonary vein.

Question 23

Is the blood that fills the left atrium oxygenated or deoxygenated?

Answer 23

Oxygenated.

Question 24

The ventricles ________ and force blood out of the heart.

Answer 24

Contract.

Question 25

The blood leaves the right atrium via the __________ ______?

Answer 25

Pulmonary artery.

Question 26

The blood leaves the left atrium via the _______.

Answer 26

Aorta

Question 27

What do valves in the heart do?

Answer 27

Ensure the blood flows in the correct direction.

Question 28

What is noticeable different about the walls of the left atrium?

Answer 28

The walls are much thicker.

Question 29

What solves coronary heart disease?

Answer 29

A stent.

Question 30

What is a stent?

Answer 30

A metal mesh that is placed in the artery.

Question 31

Does a stent require general anaesthetic?

Answer 31

No.

Question 32

What is bypass surgery?

Answer 32

Replacing coronary arteries with veins from elsewhere.

Question 33

Does bypass surgery require general anaesthetic?

Answer 33

Yes.

Question 34

What are mechanical valves commonly made of?

Answer 34

Titanium and polymers.

Question 35

Do you need medicine for a mechanical valve and why?

Answer 35

Yes, to prevent clotting around it.

Question 36

How long do biological valves last?

Answer 36

12-15 years.

Question 37

What does an artificial pacemaker do?

Answer 37

Correct irregularities in the heart beat.

Question 38

Do people with artificial pacemakers need regular health checks?

Answer 38

Yes.

Question 39

What do artificial hearts do?

Answer 39

Keep the heart beating steadily while people wait for a donor heart.

Question 40

What is a risk of an artificial heart?

Answer 40

Blood clotting.